A Reflective Account of Exam Preparation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

A Reflective Account of Exam Preparation - Essay vitrineThe first step in Gibbs Reflective Cycle is the evaluation of what happened in a situation. Due to a variety of reasons, I usually find that I am doing most of my reading at the clock of exam cooking- that is the latter stages of the semester. Compared to the amount of course work, the amount of time I dedicate to the studies is to a medium-large extent not generous. This results in a situation in which I am strained to obstruct in the last minute rush to cover the entire scope of the course work. Consequently, my exam preparation is riddled with pressure and anxiety and thus reduction in the effectiveness of plaining. To remember what one reads, they should go through a process of linkup, visualization and concentration, which have to be repeated severally in assemble to get a perfect understanding and recall capacity.Association generally involves linking the items that need to be remembered together in particular f ashions or relating them to some of the things you are comfortable with in terms of memory. Visualization complements association through creating images of the items you need to remember basing on things that are familiar to you. Optimal levels of concentration are requisite for effectiveness to be achieved in terms of recall capacity after studying. Finally, one is required to dress repetition of the association and visualization during study in order to internalize the concepts and ensure they will be able to remember them. Dedicating the least time for my reading is clearly not enough to allow myself to squeeze all these steps in their entirety and as a result I am forced to adopt cramming as a last resort method of studying. This has the effect of lowering confidence and make anxiety, which as shall be seen later does not augur well with the exam preparation. The environment in which I study also forms the context of the event. There is usually music in the background since I favor studying in my room, besides a host of interferences that make it difficult to concentrate. Montrose (2009) reckons that ones study space is critical to their ability to study effectively. It should first fit your preference, be without interruptions and be comfortable enough for study. I realize that my best study mode is in a quiet place and without interruptions, dickens things that my room does not offer. I usually have friends coming over and causing

Salome, Comparison of Eve Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Salome, Comparison of even - Research Paper ExampleWhen considering the history of femme fatales, no account would be complete without discussion of the original, Eve, who listened to the serpent and ate the apple. She convinced Adam to eat of it too, resulting in their expulsion from the garden of Eden. Both Eve and Salome tell their charms under the direction of other people. In Eves case she was manipulated by the serpent and then in twist manipulated Adam. In Salomes case it was her mother who asked her to request of Herod Johns head. She did as she was told, and the result was Johns death. In both cases, each fair sex was used by someone else for a larger purpose which they may not have understood. This undermines the mood that these women were empowered by their sexuality. Instead, they were used by people more intelligent than themselves to do their bidding. In our culture, the get wind of the femme fatale is an attractive one. But it is important to remember that these women do not manipulate people for their own gratification. Usually, they atomic number 18 just a cog in the system, being used in turn.

Supply in Health Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Supply in Health Care - Essay Exampleic interest is heavily invested in it because human life sentence or health is at stake so that the sector is often seen as insulated from traditional market place forces (Feldstein, 2011, p. 513). Issues of morality and ethics, hence, are included as drivers of the supply and demand. In addition, public policy in term of the organization and regulation of medical services has also been increasing in the United States, which is noblelighted by the flagship global healthcare program of the Obama administration.On the supply side, one can say that economic forces are present(a) and significant. For instance, there is the case of projected physician shortage in the United States. According to Snyderman, Sheldon and Bischoff (2002), this would have well(p) ramifications, limiting access to healthcare dramatically (p.168). In purely economic terms, once the supply is curious and demand is high, prices for physician services could inevitably ris e. This is demonstrated in the manner by which anesthesiologists could demand high fees. The skill set involved is very important and, hence, hospitals and patients have very little choice notwithstanding to pay for them. This is highlighted by the fact that in some areas, anesthesiologists have banded together into groups and associations, enabling them to control and dictate standard prices for their services. This is what Getzen (2010) referred to as control over supply in this submarket, wherein professional associations has increased shekels for members (p.177) All in all, the price of physician services, as Feldstein stressed, will rise in response to less supply of physicians, according to the principle of supply and demand, or vice versa through the impact of competition (p.398). snap for this submarket, hence, could be elastic or inelastic. In a highly competitive condition, it could be elastic whereas in instances wherein no close substitutes are available such as in the case of a monopoly by professional groups or a sheer scarcity of

Debate Between The Epicureans And The Stoics Term Paper

Debate Between The Epicureans And The Stoics - full term Paper ExampleThe Epicureans were contri neverthelessed by Epicurus who was a Greek philosopher who lie withd between 341 BC and 270 BC. Epicurus founded the Garden in capital of Greece in which he and his followers lived and practiced Epicurus philosophical ways of conduct. At the entrance of this place, they hanged a committal to writing stating that Stranger, here you will do well to tarry. Here our highest good is pleasure1. From this writing among others, the Epicureans argon considered hedonists who commit that gentleity should fulfill their globely desires and pleasures and should never try or live according to the will of divinity in the same way as the Stoics. In other words, they note that humanity should try to live in some sort of happiness and pleasure firearm they are still on earth or before their death. Notably, the contribution attributed to these two initiates of estimations passel be narrowed down to the Aristotelian school of thought that dictates that the sort of person one is and the lifestyle one adopts will indeed have an conterminous bearing on the actions one performs. Nonetheless, the Stoic is more plausible than the Epicureans school of thought. The Epicurean school of thought is divided into two axial lines of desires including instinctive and un indispensable fulfillments. Some of these fulfillments may be considered necessary in life while others are considered gratuitous. Form these distinctions it is apparent only some of the inseparable and necessary desires can be fulfilled while the other branch of categories, the un immanent and unnecessary desires are irrelevant and cannot be fulfilled. Nearly all the unnatural and unnecessary class of desires prescribed by Epicureans never exists. This is because only what natural desires are truly necessary and they are what exist. In other words, even the natural and unnecessary desires are never vital to the human l ife thus, they must be considered void since they never satisfy human needs but they can only lead to confusion and disturbance of inner self capable or the autarkeia2. Notably, from this classification of desires, it is apparent that their something or desires that are never necessary in human life and living them as means of self-fulfillment will only lead to destabilization of an individuals inner self sufficiency. These two schools of thoughts also address their concerns on pleasure. Epicureanism classifies sexual intercourse as natural but unnecessary desire. In this case, Epicurus does not spell out total abstinence from sexual pleasures, but he thinks that such pleasure should be sampled carefully so that they are not confused with natural and necessary human desires. Epicurus once stated Sexual intercourse never helped anyone, and one must be satisfied if it has not harmed3. In other words, he was noting that natural but unnecessary desires should be enjoyed while balancing such acts carefully in clear thinking minds. According Epicurus, for an individual To enjoy these unnecessary desires and to not make of them necessities, to take free pleasure in the unnecessary, this is the highest achievement4. However, this contribution varies Stoics that states that former believes makes make a person more virtuous that they can easily and effective sample natural and unnecessary without them existence overwhelmed by these choices. In other words, Stoics contributes the fact that all human desires are governed by some natural forces that humanity must be answerable to thus, it worth examining and individuals experience in order to define his or her next move. Additionally, Stoics argue that pleasure may lead threaten an individual tranquility thus, it should be avoided at all costs. Additionally, other than pleasure, these two schools o

Concepts and Models of Environmental Hazards Assignment

Concepts and Models of Environmental opportunitys - Assignment ExampleGIS permit the combination of various types of spatial data, with non-spatial data, attribute them and expenditure them as useful information in the various phases of disaster sliceagement (Goodchild, et al, 1996). GIS has played a underlying fictitious character in the study of majority of the 20th and 21st century environmental concerns and especially orbicular warming. From the quantification of glacier retreat all the way to the measurement of carbon environmental appropriation, GIS has played a major role in the collection of data, analysis of the same, modeling and also reporting or dissemination of knowledge (Goodchild, et al, 1996). Hazard A encounter is generally any source of potential harm, damage, or health effect on something or someone under particular condition. Hazards discharge range from biological agents the like bacteria to safety device hazards like slipping and machine malfunctioning (Toyos, et al, 2007). However, the common way of classifying hazards is by category where you get categories like environmental hazards, biological hazards, and physical hazards among others. Environmental hazards range in nature from geophysical hazards such as flooding, tsunami, volcanic eruption, and earthquakes to biophysical hazards like droughts and diseases. There are also technological hazards like chemical incidents various types of pollutions, and thermonuclear incidents, all of which threatens the long-term sustainability of the environment. Natural events such as hurricanes and earthquakes are obviously hazardous to man, which is the same fictional character with environmental events like volcanic eruptions and tsunamis (Carrara, & Guzzetti, 1999). The disasters that can be caused by natural hazards are mainly resulting from mans omission or commission. In this regard, I am referring to mans actions that either change magnitude susceptibility, or lack of appropriate actions to not only anticipate but also mitigate the potential damage of these events. A common denominator with all hazards is the risk. For an event to be categorized as a hazard it must have certain degree of risk. In fact, the best way to look at a risk is the chance or probability of harming a person if such a person is unfastened to a certain event (hazard) that predisposes him/her to such a probability (Carrara, & Guzzetti, 1999). This therefore means that for an event to be classified as a hazard it much be exposing a person to risk of any(prenominal) nature. Advantages of GIS In a landslide study, data on hydrology, slope steepness, rock composition, and other factors can be combined with data on previous landslide to determine the conditions under which landslide are plausibly to occur (Saha, et al, 2005). To analyze all possible factors with manual techniques is almost next to impossible, therefore, only two factors can be analyzed in normal circumstance, after which t he composite map are combined with the landslide inventory map. However with GIS, it is possible to analyze various factors that are associated with bow conditions and historical events, including presence of infrastructure, present land use, among others (Tassetti, et al, 2008). A good example of the application of this technique can be found in OAS/DRDE, which has been using this technique to overlay maps of slope steepness, geology, slope orientation, vegetation, and hydrology, after which it overlays the results with a landslide invento

Forensic 3D Laser Scanning of Footwear Impression Evidence Thesis Proposal

Forensic 3D Laser examine of footwear Impression Evidence - Thesis Proposal ExampleHowever, getting a 3D somatogenetic cast of an impression on a crime medical prognosis can in the process suppress the evidence. The social function of 3D imaging device is proving to be beneficial to crime scene investigators (CSI) as an supererogatory toolkit since it can obtain details of such impression. Footwear impression recovery in crime scene is considered to have a critical role in the investigations to narrow down the number of suspects or repudiate or corroborate information (Gamage et al., 2013). Three dimension foot ware impressions casting is seen to be a long standing standard where, it results to the generation of one-third dimensional footprints. This is progressively beingness replaced by a three dimensional scanning that is a less invasive system. In the study proposed, an alternative method that entails a 3D laser scanning of footwear impression evidence with the use of a FARO Freestyle 3D Scanner will be present, and it will be based on the multi-view stereo where, an accurate three dimensional model can be generated. The results on the reconstructed three dimensional models will be evaluated and then compared with opposite results obtained by three dimensional scanning. Also, the drawbacks and the advantages of this method will be explored over other methods that exist. Freestyle hand held scanner was recently released by FARO, and this is considered as a step up in structure light technology because it includes two cameras infrared in nature which are used in creating a stereo pair of imagesThree dimensional foot ware impression casting is progressively being replaced by a three dimensional scanning that is less invasive method. In the study to be undertaken, an alternative method that entails a 3D laser scanning of footwear impression evidence with the use of FARO Freestyle 3D Scanner will be present and it will be based on the multi-view ste reo.Footwear impression recovery in crime scene is considered to have a critical role in the

Understanding ecohydrological processes for sustainable floodplain Term Paper

Understanding ecohydrological processes for keep openable floodplain management - Term stem ExampleThe important worry is about the body of water supply scarcity in the atmosphere of ever growth nation. The fundamental aspect is water is necessary for every vital biological activity and nutrition occupation also gets affected in the context of water scarcity. According to Tolba, Mostafa (2004) mankind postulates three measure the present amount of water used for irrigation, to produce the food necessary for feeding additional population in the next 50 years. Hence, in the first step to get additional water for food production for the future, the additional water resources should be explored.In the next step, the additional water resources explored should be protected by allowing certain bionomic processes that maintain water content on the planet. The fundamental aspect in the to a higher place suggestion is about the protection of ecohydrology that needs worldwide dialo gue on water for food and environment. To arouse ecohydrological processes sustain in future, the protection of ecological systems, hydrology and water management should be done on global scale, so that every country in different geographical area can share the endeavors of ecological protection. As water is blood stream of biosphere and global industrial growth is destroying that blood steam, the protection of ecohydrology without disturb the industrial discipline should be discussed. In the context of point of no return, the concept of sacrificing the industrial development for the sake of ecohydrological systems can be explored. However, as the industrial development is also crucial for economic development of mankind the utilization of comforts and the affect of that on the ecological systems can be explored for finalizing the steps need to be taken for the protection of environment. 1ObjectivesThe butt of this paper is to explore the concepts and aspects that help in prese rving the bio motley therefrom resulting in restoration of water resources. The extent of presence of greenery indicates the assimilation of CO2. Hence, the presence of botany decides the content of CO2 present in atmosphere that helps in global warming resulting in mitigate of water resources. So, the main objective is to plan forestation in different parts of the world that can countervail the global warming to protect or restore water resources. In addition to that the thermodynamic race maintenance should be an important objective to neutralize effect of industrialization on water resources. The water resources can be replenished or restored when the liquid and vapor phases reach saturation conditions at regular intervals and sustain up to substantial periods. The change of atmospheric state at the saturated surface should occur sporadically every year and those regular intervals is necessary for defend water resources required for mankind as tumefy as industrial develo pment. However, to attain the above point of saturation at maximum number of places on the plane, the extent of usage of water and natural resources at each geographical point in the planet is necessary to restore the necessary vegetation that results in vapor liquid saturation that helps in maintaining and protecting water resources. Another important aspect in restoring water resources used up due to industrial development is protecting and increasing under ground water resources that grow due to percolation of water into the soil. The percolation component decides the capillary rise or fall in water table at a particular point. Hence, the surfaces that allow percolation of water into the soil should not be decreased thus maintaining the capillary rise in water table a constant process. 2 Another objective in this paper is to explore the methods and knowledge of preserving food plain

Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Comparison - evidence ExampleAt the same time, the tables are turned, and he depends on his family and assistance and care from his sister plot of ground it habituated to be the other way round hence, the family which was dependent on him has to start working again. The puzzle out L iliness of the Long Distance Runner by Alan Sillitoe follows the life of a young boy who is caught robbing a bakery by the law enforcers, and this lands him a place at the prison school at Ruxton Towers. The sustainment conditions at the Borstal are tough and Smith seeks solace in long-distance running to escape from these circumstances. He attracts the attention of the school authorities who promise early to release from the brutality of Borstal if he wins an important cross-country championship. Smith has all the reasons and the powers to win the competition, but on an interesting turn of events, he deliberately loses the move to the dismay of spectators and school authorities. The two stories se ek to present the wholesome-disposed problems faced by the society, which are hearty and emotional alienation, loneliness as demonstrated by the main characters. Both authors, Kafka and Sillitoe explore effective use of fiction to address these issues and present them to the audience. While Kafka uses vermin, Sillitoe uses running. Both are demonstrated throughout the respective stories in examining major obstacles faced by the characters. Therefore, the metaphors are used to convey the actions of the characters, Samsa and Smith, and how they interact with them to achieve the purpose of the stories. Kafka is one of the greatest German writers, famous for writing technique that unites concrete and figurative language in suppose to demonstrate purpose and idea. As such, amazing use of metaphor in writing is one of the substantial elements of his writing techniques. In the story transfiguration, he does not fail short of this technique, which he uses to convey the social problems in the society through the main character. Kafka uses metaphor to represent or reveal the relationship mingled with people or characters in the story, in which he uses vermin. The first metaphor in this story is transfiguration itself whereby Samsa suddenly changes to a monstrous insect one morning. Samsa contributes a great deal to the enhancement of the metaphor of metamorphosis because, despite unusual regeneration, he does not stop to question why and how it could be possible. Metamorphosis is a metaphor because it is unrealistic for human beings to transform into insects, but Samsa accepts this situation fairly, readily without questioning the frankness or logic behind this matter. This direction taken by the main character is peculiar because design human nature would seek inquiry to explain the renewal. This lack of query is unusual, and one could argue that the transformation occurred mentally and not physically. The transformation into a beetle represents the life in Samsas family, as well as a reflection of his birth life. Samsa provides for his family the same way an insect would provide for the rest of the members thus, the transformation represents his role in the family. He is so much concerned with work and provision for his family that he does not even have hobbies or real friends, let alone a good friendship with his own family. This behavior can be compared to that of an insect, and thus, Samsa successfully delivers the purpose of the story with the aid of the metaphor. Another metaphor in this story is communication in the Samsa family. Kafka uses metap

The Benefits And Criticisms Of The Market Theory Of News Production Essay

The Benefits And Criticisms Of The commercialize Theory Of intelligence service Production - Essay Example in that location may be numerous benefits of news output which may result in huge dinero for the company as well as there may originate factors that the industry volition brace to take care upon for improving their operative functions. News production can generally be referred as the process of performing all the functions which are required to convert raw data into information and thusly in printed form which are readable and audible to the audiences by way of newspapers, magazines, internet, television and radio among others. News is produced after the review of various literatures which are relevant to the topic of the news (Philip, 1975). In this similar context, journalism is a process of collection of true, justifiable and factually based information in a lucubrate manner which proves to be interesting for the readers along with publishing of those collected inform ation in a well-timed(a) manner for attracting mass audiences (Berry, 2008). masses media is a process of catering to the audiences by way of different communion channels including newspapers, journals, radio, magazines and television among others. These sources of information intend to deliver information to the audiences in a timely basis. Mass media is also actively involved in the World Wide Web through which it delivers maximum acquaintance and information to the audiences (Livesey, 2011). Mass media and communication are very closely interconnected to each other. As utter above, mass media are the channels or tools through which knowledge is airred to the audiences. By adopting these channels the main criteria is to transfer and share useful information with the mass audiences. Thus, the transfer of knowledge and information to the public can be regarded as Communication in mass media (Colombo, 2004). The objective of this essay is to study the overall news production ac tivities of the news industry with respect to the aspects of journalism, mass media and communication and its components. For the completion of this essay, the main priority would be set upon the benefits that are derived from news production in the overall market as well as the challenges and the critics that the companies in operation(p) in the industry are facing which may prove to be a drawback for the industry. In flesh out a study would be carried out about the specific benefits that the mass audiences get from the production and channelisation of news and its various components (Panda & Swain, 2011). All those factors which are affecting the news production units will also be studied upon along with the problems faced by the mass media and communication channels while delivering their information to the audiences will be determined. A proper evaluation of the results will be made once a textile is designed about the benefits and criticalities of news production and its co mponents in the overall market. By following this step, a detailed evaluation of pros and cons about the industry can be achieved which will provide a lot of clarity to the research. The essay intends to design a proper scenario about the current market standing of the industry (Curran & Gurevitch, 2000). Benefits and Criticisms of the Market Theory of News Production Benefits of the Market Theory of News Production News production is a widely used commercial aspect of marketing which caters to the users all over the world. It provides major

Narrative agrument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Narrative agrument - Essay ExampleNot only(prenominal) was he affected, our entire family unit was disturbed due to the strong mark that was left on him by the bullying activities. Bullying is an act which still persists in the educational institutions across the United States and this problem should be dealt with because of the negative effects associated with it. My buddy was a very bright student in his class and he was an active participant in the activities of his class. He was slightly overweight as well as short(p) which made him assorted from the other students in the class. He was a young child and his physical demeanor did non make a difference to him and he concentrated greatly on his studies and thus he did extremely well in his academics. But things took a different turn when he came into the nonice of a group of senior students who always looked for an opportunity to bully other students. It all told started when we had to move to a different locality and thus w e had to change my fellows prepare van. The group of bullies travelled in the similar van. Things were normal in the beginning alone after a few days the bullies had prepare their peeled target who was my younger brother. The bullies gave my brother a very difficult time and by the time we found this out, my brother had already suffered a lot. Initially, they just called him with names and would pass derogatory remarks when they saw him. As they were all older than him, he was scared and did not retaliate. The verbal abuse was not limited to the van but they started doing the same during the school breaks. They would follow him around and pass comments on his physical appearance. Seeing that he could not answer back, they started annoying him even more. Following this, they would keep things on his seat so that he could not sit. They also snatched his lunch during the lunch break. One day, when my brother was angry and yelled back at them, the boys gathered and pushed him. Thi s became a regular activity after this. They hit him with different things and they called him with different names. Despite of this torture that my brother was going through, he never informed us regarding these things. The issue came to our notice when things became really worse and my brother had suffered a lot of physical and mental stress. He avoided going to school and did not eat. He told my puzzle that he did not want to eat as he was fat. Apart from this, his grades also started declining. He stayed peace and did not talk much. It was then that my parents took him to a doctor and he was diagnosed with anorexia at such(prenominal) an early age. As I was very close to him, I started discussing his issues and he finally told me about what he was going through. We approached the school authorities and kept the matter in front of them. They took a strong notice against the bullies. My brother had to go through a lot and it took him years to recover from the mental torture. He lost weight and he was not interested in studying anymore. Our entire family was greatly disturbed because of him. It was with great efforts and care that we were satisfactory to bring him back after a period of two years. His sufferings could have been prevented if he had informed us before or if the school authorities had kept a strong check on such activities. Bullying is a widespread problem in the educational institutions in the United States and it has been seen that out of either four students in the schools in the United St

Depression in adolescents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Depression in adolescents - Essay ExampleSome researchers have suggested that even among psychiatrists . . . the extent of the deterioration caused by falloff is vastly underestimated. (Empfield, 2001) Further, it is logical to argue that major depression causes more long-term forgiving misery than any another(prenominal) single disease. (Empfield, 2001) Diagnosing and treating such a disease as ahead of time as possible in an individuals life whitethorn enable it to be effectively eradicated for their later years. sequence some early childhood depression does occur, the condition mainly appears in the teenage years. It will last out with the patient, become episodic or cause drastic symptoms such as suicide if it is left untreated.The causes of depression in general are still somewhat controversial within the medical community situational and biologic theories often conflict, while those that argue for a situational and biological cause are perhaps gaining ground. The phys ical features of the genius of person place uprighting from depression/who are liable to depression. As Cynthia Haines puts it, there is absolute proof that tidy sum suffering from depression have changes in their brains . . . the hippocampus, a part of the brain that is vital to the storage of memories, is subtle in those people. (Haines, 2005) A smaller hippocampus has less serotonin receptors, and it appears that serotonin is important for the brain to go with the body, as well as a regulator of mood. A lack of serotonin appears to cause depression. on that point are also genetic causes of depression, or at least the propensity to become depressed seems to dismission in families. As Haines (2005) puts it, children, siblings and parents of people with severe depression are much more likely to suffer from depression than are members of the general population. However, despite current searching, scientists have yet to discover the gene that may cause depression. (Alpert, 2005) The fact that both psychosocial and biological factors cause and maintain depression seems accepted, but the exact elan in which they combine is not certain.One reason that teenagers appear to suffer from more depression than other groups may be the quality of life estimates that individuals constantly make. As Miller et al (2005) suggest, quality of life reflects the patients overall sensed satisfaction or quality. . . . Teenagers often have a much lower perception of their lives than other age-groups, due(p) to the physical, emotional, psychological and economic changes that are occurring to them. Teenage depression may express itself in different slipway than adult depression. Thus teenagers may exhibit additional psychiatric disorders, such as behavior disorders or substance abuse problems. (www.focusus.com) Often these additional symptoms seem to swamp the signs of depression and so the teenager may be treated (and/or disciplined) for the symptoms of depression when in fac t the cause is not looked at. Thus a teenager who is suffering from depression may drink alcohol excessively, indulge in highly uncertain behavior or take drugs. These acts will be more visible than the underlying depression, and so are easier to latch onto for parents, school authorities and the police. Another complication is the fact that parents need to be able to bring out the

Technical entrepreneurs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Technical entrepreneurs - Essay ExampleRated by Forbes Magazine as the 2005 wealthiest person in the population for the twelfth consecutive class, banknote Gates estimated wealth amounts to $27.38 billion based on Microsofts current inception price (Marcus, 2006). Bill Gates is the co-founder, chairman and chief software architect of Microsoft Corporation, the worlds largest software association. He is overly the founder of a digital image archiving company that goes by the name of Corbis, which is one of the worlds to the highest degree brilliant resources of visual information - a broad digital archive of art and photography from public and hush-hush collections worldwide. He is one of the best known entrepreneurs of the personal computer revolution and is widely respected and alike widely criticised as having built his headache through unfair, illegal, or anti-competitive business practices, and this was recently demonstrated by the US government taking Microsoft to cour t, an action which was repeated in Europe as well (Didion, 2004). disdain his vast wealth, Bill Gates has donated approximately 51% of his total fortune to various charitable organisations and scientific research programmes.Bill Gates was born on the 28th of October 1955 in Seattle, Washington to William Gates elderly and Mary Maxwell Gates (McSheriff, 2002). His family was wealthy, and had a strong tradition of education and professionalism. His father was a gravid lawyer, his mother was the first woman regent of the University of Washington and his maternal grandfather was a national bank building president (McSheriff, 2002). It is safe to say that Bill Gates came from a privileged background. Bill Gates likewise has two younger sisters, Kristanne and Libby Gates. Bill Gates was educated at some of the most prestigious schools in the sound out, and he particularly excelled in elementary school in mathematics and sciences (McSheriff, 2002). Bill Gates went to Seattles most ex clusive preparatory school, Lakeside School where tuition in 1967 was $5 000, more than that at Harvard which was $1 760 (McSheriff, 2002). It was at this school that Bill Gates got introduced to computers as the school rented time on a server, which allowed Bill Gates to pursue an interest in computers at a time when they were not commercially available. He was also a member of the Boy Scouts of America, even attaining the rank of Life Scout during his membership (Peerman, 1999). When he was at high school, he founded a company which sold traffic flow data systems to state governments with Paul Allen. He also helped to create a payroll system in COBOL for a company in Portland, Oregon (Peerman, 1999).In 1973 he enrolled in Harvard University for a pre-law programme where he met his future business partner Steve Ballmer. During his second year, together with Paul Allen and Monte Davidoff, he co-wrote Altair BASIC for the Altair 8800, and dropped out of Harvard during his third year to pursue a career in software development (Murdock, 1998). Despite his success, Bill Gates was concisely jailed in Albuquerque for racing his Porsche 911 in the New Mexico desert. Bill Gates first recognized an hazard in 1975 after reading an issue of the Popular Electronics that demonstrated the Altair 8800. Bill Gates contacted the creators of the new personal computer to inform them that he and others had developed a version of the

Can Orton and Ravenhilll be described as radical queers Essay

Can Orton and Ravenhilll be described as extreme queers - quiz ExampleStill, there was a contention that Orton somehow managed to contribute to the movement for gay rights.4 Mark Ravenhill who was openly gay and forthright about being HIV positive weaved together plays that waged an assault on sociable structures and arguably advocated for social change for the oppressed including gays.5 This essay argues that both Ravenhill and Orton argon properly characterized as radical gays. In order to demonstrate queer radicalism on the part of Orton and Ravenhill, this essay conducts an analysis of some of their plays that brook this claim. This essay is therefore divided into two parts. The first part of this essay analyses some of Ortons plays as a means of demonstrating that he can be properly characterized as a radical queer. The secant part of this essay also analysed some of Ravenhills plays as a means of demonstrating that Ravenhill was also a radical queer.Nakayama argues that Ort ons plays were self-conscious creations of an alternative to the standard heterosexual society and in particular the buttoned-down norm of the nuclear family as opposed to a neurotic repetition of it.6 Regardless there are two perspectives relative to whether or not Orton was indeed a queer radical. One perspective argues that Orton tending(p) the times in which Orton wrote, his plays indicate that he was an advance guard of the sexual revolution and a grade of fifth columnist among sexual conservatives.7 That some of Ortons plays such as What the Butler Saw cerebrate so sharply on clandestine sexuality that it was obvious that Orton was content to remain in the jam without directly confronting the sexual powers that were.8The criticisms of What the Butler Saw arise out of what Orton failed to do rather than what he truly did in the play. Butler was written in 1967 before theatre censorship had come to an end. However, since

Information Systems in Business Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Information Systems in Business - Coursework Example another(prenominal) info such a s population and demographic data that is important for forecasting goat be sourced from government institutions and agencies (Paul, 2001).(ii) info w arehousing for Wal- mart will enhance decision making in the alliance with regards to inventory management, price control and sales monitoring. The data warehouse will provide data on a real cartridge holder basis that will effectively aide in busy decision making on supply chain management and customer relationship management (Paul, 2001).Data mining which involves extraction and acquisition of data from the relevant sources to be stored in the data warehouse enables the company to have up to date and real time data from all its retail stores. This allows real time analysis of the data and facilitates decision making that is appropriate for each store based on the data available (Paul, 2001).(iii) ECM applications are basically provides formali zed techniques by which an organization can store and its documents, table of contents records and other content that is related to business processes and transactions. It entails strategies, tools and methods that used throughout (John, 2013).Hierarchical model where data is incorporate in a vertical manner following a sort of sequence exhibiting a tree construction. There is a root that has branches emanating from it. Network data base model that exhibits a legion(predicate) to many relationship. Items in this model can connect to any item in the database creating a network. Most databases that are used on the Mini and Micro computers are normally based on either hierarchical or network database model. Relational database model has data organized in two dimensional tables with rows and columns populate with related data. Most of the Database software packages available on microcomputers (PCs) are of relational model (Graham & David, 2008).Other database structure models used include the multimedia database that

Summery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Summery - Essay typesetters caseAn ethical decision, according to this model, requires ethical awareness, ethical judgment, ethical intention, and ethical behaviour. The Multidimensional Ethics Scale is consequently used by the authors to evaluate the level of justice and ethical decision making power in the accounting students. For the purpose of this carry, the authors use samples of accounting students from 2 different countries, the US and Taiwan. The study aims to examine how gloss affects the ethical decision making power of accounting students specifically. The four dimension model used with MES revealed that US students were more than motivated to use egoism for decision making in the given 3 scenarios. On the other hand Taiwanese students used deontology dimension. The relativism is often ignored by the US students, whereas, Taiwanese students gave it more consideration in one of the scenarios presented. The individualism is a leading concept in the US culture. Hence, i t brook be related to the egoism that is apparent in the judgements of the US students. Taiwanese place more dialect on uncertainty avoidance for rules and contracts hence, deontology in the Taiwanese ethical judgements is expected as per their cultural practices. Hence, the study achieves its aim of concluding that there, indeed, is a relationship between ethical judgments and cultural

Ethical And Environmental Factors Essay Example for Free

Ethical And environmental Factors EssayThe state of Belina is situated in the sub-Saharan locality. The countries in the sub-Saharan contribution kick in suffered a lot for some(prenominal) years. Most African countries in the sub-Saharan parts waste been depicted to be suffering heavily due to the low industrialization level in the piece. The transformation of countrys economics together with the changes of living standards of the volume begin with education, which is brings about technology changes. Education in the region has been low with just most people attaining the elementary education. t acquireher ar a few elites with laid-backer(prenominal) education whom the state hope would transform their states. (Williams, 2004. pp 95) The governments of the sub-Saharan states be in possession of encouraged their investors by offering them favoring deed and investment funds terms. As the past investment reveals, the investments which pee-pee been conducted in the Africa n countries has adversely affected them. There is unfathomable damage and disadvantages which have been created as result of industrial ontogeny within many African states.This ranges from the high rates of there natural resource exploitation as well as kind-hearted labor exploitations to the adverse environmental changes they have implicated. Davidson, 1992, pp402) Despite all the investment made within the sub-Saharan countries, zipper investment has received low investors. Due to the low efficiency yield in the region the major(ip)ity of the people in the region are believed to be subjected to abject scantiness. As the people within the region suffer a lot, the push button scarcity has raised to the low economic growth. IntroductionThe readiness collect has eminently risen in many countries allover the globe over the mid and the last century. This has been as result of rapid developments in the industrial sector as well as in the diversity in technology. Besides this industrialization factor, the state population has excessively increased several folds. The state populations have been increasing in high rate, thus it has multiplied more than 4 times between 1985 and 2005. The cleverness demand has increased twelve times within this particular period. This has lead to the government and new(prenominal) individuals to hazard on more resources for zippo.This indicates the important aspect the country men leaders attaches to the energy production. The people from the sub-Saharan countries such as the belina community should be cautious of the environmental impact that any industrial development might have in there livelihoods. umpteen people have developed technologically stellar(a) to industrialization, but the development which has been done overly dour out as draw backs to future generations. The American and the United Kingdom states such as Germany and the Japan are such developed countries which are soon savaging from such developmen t.This is because any technology which is introduced within the state should perpetually yield positive more advantages than its disadvantages. (Munasinghe, 2005, pp 35-48) The effect of energy productions plants are similar to those of other processing and manufacturing plants. While the industrialized countries are savaging from great environmental befoulment, there has been campaigns on environmental run into. The impacts of environmental pollutions are globally felt. The energy producer companies and the consumers companies of such energies have some(prenominal) been major contributors to the scourge felt.As the effects of global warming are being felt, the sub-Saharan countries seem to be in worse hit. This is because global warming has affected the good climatic conditions beneath which they have thrived in economics means. This climatic change has been associated with the industrialized countries of which most of them are much remote from the continent. Due to the above consideration, the government of belina has an obligation of considering such campaigns of eliminating and discarding the energy companies interested in investments that has got inadequate pollution control measures.For this reason, the government has to view those companies having the utilization of old traditional methods as environmentally unfriendly and also some of those modern technology methods which are non renewable. Energy sources and their effects The old traditional energy sources have greatly led to the advancement of our production. They have been credited for they have enabled men to the discoveries which were fundamental for high productions. However, this old traditional methods of energy sources have this instant created another milestone of environmental clean up.The major traditional energy sources which are available range from the fossils to wood and to some extent the reactive elements utilise in the nuclear powers. These have continued for long being in u se, and even today, they form ninety percent of the energy produced and consumed world wide. The natural covering of energy resources such as coal, natural gas, petroleum products as well as uranium have for long been used. These are all non-renewable sources which have high attempt of depletion besides high hazards to the environment and the people handling them.The fossils fuels have only been of continued used ab initio as they were plentiful and inexpensive. However, these advantages are no longer valuable as there are other means for which energy has been produced cheaply and with consistency. Usually, the consumption of these substances and their products has now been a major risk to the country consume them. The consumption of these substances has generated numerous air pollutants and other air by-products which have lead to global climatic changes. char as energy resources take millions of years to be formed.Despite this, it is historically disputed as a threat to the m iners/ workforce and also as an environmental hazard. While petroleum has served for long in the conveying systems and other industrial sectors like manufacturing of plastic and synthetic fabric, it has also posed greater dangers to the environment of our people. The button which whitethorn occur within the seas and rivers during its transportation to the power plants creates a lot of stress and tension to the environment. This significantly destroys our rivers, seas and marines live, hence the whole aquatic live.This not only affects the pissing ecosystems but they also leadership to endangering the pitying life through food chain systems. The natural gas products are also considerablely boosting both agricultural production and our health through their application in the medical systems. Although the natural gas seems to contribute much towards environmental conservation, the methane gas has got enormous effects which relates to the greenhouse effects. (Hall and Mao, 1994, pp 234) The non-renewable fossil energy sources are helter-skelter disastrous to the environment.The stemma of these fossils causes many changes to the soil structures hence causes disturbances to the soil. Apart from affecting the soil and its inhabitants, the method of extraction causes disturbances in the water systems, which my lead to diversion of the water ways fashioning a particular region to experience unexpected dryness water scarcity while other part enjoys plenty of water availability. Vegetation and other significant resources are not spared either and this perhaps affects the whole ecosystem of the region which whitethorn act as tourism attraction centre.The twentieth century has endeavored to utilize the technology advances on combating with the enigma of limited energy. Undoubtedly the discovery of the nuclear energy was a period of great hope to the world. Many individuals thought that nuclear energies would save the world from its limited natural resources as e lements are preferably abundant. The believed results turned out as unfulfilling very soon. Just after the introductory of this energy production technique, numerous fearful cases were reported allover the world.As with the Japanese case, many countries were apprehended with awesome fear as the enormous disaster left behind with the prolong killing of people. As well known, any excess without control is dangerous. Due to excess energy that is generated, the nuclear energy mistakes left thousands of the Japanese killed and many others injured. The state is also suffering from this long historical happening even after heavily assistance to curb the irradiation effects. Many are born disabled due to affected human molding factors.The non-renewable based companies may thus find no way of solving the Belina problem of energy crisis. (Ministry of Water, Energy and Mining, 1988, pp 16) The struggle for the belina energy shortage takes the alternative energy sources. This adopts the issu es of renewable energy sources. The Belina is positioned within the advantageous positions of the world. The fact that Belina lies in the sub-Saharan region there is an immeasurable advantages over other countries which lies in the far ends of the artic and Antarctic of the globe.Being in the sub-Saharan region, it has the full advantage of utilizing the major world energy sources which is believed as the sun. The state does not have to succumb to the developed states demands on favors which will bring them more future life uncertainty. However, the country would regard to tap the solar energy which is availed for twelve plus hour in a day. The use of this energy has not only been praised for its natural occurrence but it has been environmentally friendly. It is the best natural occurring clean energy in spites of its limited amounts that depend on the intensity of the sun.Furthermore, solar plant installation clears only a minute piece of land affecting a few vegetation cover. (Wo rld Bank, 1989, pp 23) Windmills have transformed the lives of many people living in the sub-Saharan and sub-Saharan states. Windmill energy production is thus a rapidly growing energy sources, this is thriving well in places where wind is freely blowing such as the ones experienced in the Belina. The wind blowing along the ridges and others part are potentially trapping position of energy to the industries.This would mitigate the lives of the communities by enhancing economic growths while maintaining the low effects which are short lived such as vegetation clearing on the wind pathways. Although, this may affect the country economy, it is anticipated the most hit sector is the tourism which depend on birds as their attraction means. The killing of such birds by the blades of turbines is quite minimal as compared to the energy non-renewable sources (Ministry of Water, Energy and Mining, 1988, pp 16)As the country come to the culmination of industrialization leading it to the level of developed state, the urban centre would be highly populated more than the cities are packed now. This will lead to an unimaginable sanitary state of the city environment. The living places of the people are now ravaged and littered with garbage from fruit refuse and other organic plant litters. This is making the people to live barely struggling to breathe for pure oxygen. This poses great threat of health hazards to the people. The chances of endemic and pandemic are now in the verge of being rampant in the region.But, with the modern technology, the people in the cities and other metropolitan can be saved with the utilization of the refuse both for the energy production and for economic agricultural production through soils enrichment. It will be a prime reason for not investing on others energy forms while refuse is indirectly and directly disseminating diseases to the population of the nation (Johansson, 1993, pp 96-118) The investment in bio-fuel and other biomass degradab le materials has lead to the production of products such as gasohol, gasoline and many other products.The products have been a means of saving the countries from the energy crisis which is associated to the over dependency on non-renewable energy sources. Apart from their application by other states as energy alternative, they have an impact on the maintenance of stable prices of the products from the factories, making the products affordable to the consumers in poverty stricken states such as those in the sub-Saharan regions. (Sokona, 2002, pp 145) Conclusion The energy crisis and shortage to countries in the sub-Saharan region has contributed to the persistence of great suffering of the people due to poverty high level.However, the investment on energy production to solve the problem should be a certain process that does not impact adversely both in the environmental factors as well as in the ethical factors. The traditional energy sources have been major contributors to the wors e economic conditions of the people in the sub-Saharan states. This can thus be altered by the adaptation of the energy production methods which are renewable.ReferencesDavidson O. (1992) Energy Issues in Sub-Saharan Africa Annual Review of Energy and Environment Vol. 17 pp401-403. Hall, D. and Mao, Y. (1994) Biomass and Coal in Africa.London Johansson, T. et al (1993) Renewable Energy. Island Press Ministry of Water, Energy and Mining, (1988) Lesotho Energy Master Plan GTZ and plane section of Energy World Bank, (1989) Sub-Saharan Africa From Crisis to Sustainable Growth The World Bank. Williams, J. (2004). Sustainable development in Africa is the modality right? IRI Technical Report Munasinghe, M. (2005). Primer on climate change and sustainable development Cambridge University Press. Sokona, Y. (2002) appreciate bigger, act faster a new sustainable energy path for African development University of drape

The Progression Of Language Development Essay Example for Free

The Progression Of Language Development moveInfants begin life with no other talking to than their cries and grunts. As their language mechanism matures, they take on to a greater extent and more sounds. Even before they can use these sounds as language, they begin to comprehend the meanings of says that they hear. They similarly can communicate their wants and needs with gestures and cries (Papalia et al. , 2002, p. 355). At about one year, the first word appears. The first word is used as a sentence. Later, the vocabulary increases rapidly. Nouns come first then verbs then adjectives and adverbs with pronouns appearing croak (Papalia et al., 2002, p. 356). Language ability depends on maturation, but also on other factors. Those children who talk earliest will, on the average, alter prove to be the most intelligent. Girls tend to talk a little earlier than boys. whizz children also tend to talk earlier than twins. Those with a more stimulating home environment make more r apid progress in language development than those with a poorer environment (Papalia et al., 2002, p. 357). My niece was introduced to 2 languages from the very(prenominal) start when she was barely three months old. Her parents decided that they introduce her to her ancestral language which is basically French. Although very elusive at first since they will be speaking to her in two languages, they became used to the idea subsequent on. However, they noticed that acquisition of vocabulary is slower compared to unilingual babies or children. This was starting to be evident when the child move nine months to one-year old when the baby starts to mimic whatever her parents would say to her and starts to speak her desires.Today she is already almost three years old and has been alternately speaking English and French. Though her vocabulary gets immix many times, she can easily switch to any of the two languages whenever she prefers to though again given her maturity level, she sti ll is limited with facility for words.From my observation, it is quite true that though a child may be limited with the speed at which he/she can speak words or language compared to the unilingual child, the multilingual tends to have a higher degree of proficiency later on. Studies show that acquiring another language (especially quite similar to the learned ones) will be greater a possibility if the child has been taught with two or more languages as a child (Papalia et al., 2002, p. 357).ReferencePapalia, Diane E., Sally W. Olds, Ruth Duskin Feldman. 2002. Human Development, one-eighth ed. McGraw-Hill.

Tree Plantation Essay Example for Free

Tree Plantation EssayIntroduction Since the dawn of civilization man has a close relation with nature. Man has made friendship with nature. Nature helps us in many ways. too trees are closely related with our life. They are our friends. They play an important mapping in our life and economy. right(a) place for plant lifeation In Bangladesh June and July are the best time for tree plantation. Bangladesh is a lower riparian country. So, Upper levels are the best suitable places to plant trees. Sea beaches and low lying unused lands butt joint be used for tree plantation. There are many roads and highways in our country. We faecal matter plant trees on the both sides of these roads and highways. Again in the villages there are many proper places which can be used for tree plantation. The sides and areas that are lying unused can be used too.Our position to betray the tree plantation program effective Tree plantation program should be grow to the remote corner of the country . The officers connected with this program should take proper steps and directful measures to make it a success. They should try to make it popular all over the country. Most of the people of our village are illiterate. They occupy no knowledge about the grandness of trees. Attempt should be made to make them aware of the importance of trees.Role of trees for our living Without oxygen we cannot live for a moment even. Without oxygen, the animal world pass on split away. Trees make the oxygen and spread it in the air. While inhaling air we take the oxygen with it into our bodies and live in life. Carbon dioxide makes our atmosphere or rather our environment poisonous for us. Trees consume this carbon dioxide and thereby make our environment safe for us.Trees provide us with article of furniture Trees are our constant companies in our twenty-four hour period to day life. We use them for various purposes. We cannot think of our homes, houses, residence etc, without trees. We use t rees to make furniture, windows and doors for our domestic use. Again valuable furniture is made from these trees. We also sell some of the valuable furniture to foreign countries.Trees provide us with sustenance and vitamins Trees are a great source of food and vitamins. There are various kinds of fruit trees. They blow over us various kinds of fruits which are rich in food value and vitamins. They meet up our need and keep our body fit and sound. Again we export fruits to many other countries and earn a dish up of foreign exchange.Its impact on climate Trees bear a great impact on the climate. If we disgrace trees at random, one day the country will turn into a great desert. The country will bear the consequences of green house effect. Again there will be no rain and as a result the country will face a great crisis because ours is an agricultural country. And our economy is subject on agriculture. Again our agriculture is dependent on rain. So trees play a vital role on our c limate. Trees also save us from flood and many other natural calamities.Conclusion It is needless to speak the importance of trees. It is not possible to describe the importance and uses of trees in words. They are part and dissever in our day to day life. We cannot think of our existence without them. So, we should not use and destroy trees at random. preferably we should plant more trees for a better, happier and healthier life.

Duddy Kravitz Materialism Essay Example for Free

Duddy Kravitz Materialism turn upMaterializing is a major role in this hold up it affects a large part of the characters second and one soul first hand. It also affects the plat due to the main characters obsession with materialism. Materializing can also arrange people in relationships to grow apart due to confusion with priorities.Materializing can drive people to survive some one that they would never wish to reach with out even realizing it. It can also turn on you to do stuff that you would never think of doing. In the book The Apprenticeship Of Duddy Kravitz, the main character Duddy Kravitz was brought up with the look a man with out democracy is a nobody. Duddy believes that the much shoot down and money he gains the more of a somebody he will call on. Duddy goes through life endeavouring to thrum through more and more money and gain more and more land. With an obsession like this it can cause a person to for line up about priorities and also the heath and feelings of others.With Duddy by the end of the book his contend to buy the farm a somebody cause the befuddled of look on from a family member and the loss of valued friends. It caused Duddy to put his birth friend in a wheel chair for life just so he could try and save some money. Materializing can cause your judgment to fog and able you to do almost anything to get a head in the race to becoming a somebody. Duddy went to the point of forging a game friends check so he could buy more land. After he finally owns and controls all of the land hi feels that he has become a somebody. Duddy let money and poisons become the only thing that mattered to him. Duddy lost sight of everything that he lost and all the people that he hurt along the race to become a somebody.The plot of the book was greatly affected be materialism. The book is based around a selfish, greedy man named Duddy Kravitz a man that would stop at anything to become full and well known. The plot twists as Du ddy personality becomes meaner and more money driven. The plot of the book starts with the main character Duddy trying to make living well at the same sentencework his way up to becoming rich and at least locally famous. Duddy starts off as a happy man with a girlfriend, has many friends that are rich and is starting off his own business. However later on in the book after he starts to buy land to build a dream he starts to go bankrupt.As times get tough Duddy slowly starts to loss grasp of his goals and dreams that would make him asomebody. The money hungry man starts to become verbally tempestuous and uncaring for others. At this point he is only worried about losing his land and money. but really Duddy has lost much more than he has gain. He has lost his friends, his girlfriend and the respect of his grandpa. The plot is based on materialism with Duddy. All most every problem in this book is a result in Duddy trying to make it big in life and becoming a rich man with a lot of land.When materialism is present with in a relationships it can push people to grow a part over time. It is usually noticed be one member and rarely caught but the person who is obsessed with it. With Duddy Kravitz it was present thought out his life. However as time moved on it slowly turned in to the only thing that mattered to him in his life. When Duddy first started to run across Yvette you could see the connection they had with each other, you got the impression that they where meant to be together. They would go on picnics together, go for walks in the woods, and go swimming in the lake. This is where Duddy discovers his soon to be land, with in seconds you could see that the Duddy obsession with materialism has started to make things assorted between then.Duddy tried to bribe Yvette not to tell anyone about their place and offered to cut her in on the profits if she would keep it a secret. When money and the land came in to the picture it caused Duddy to almost stop bank Yvette and act like she was more like a business partner rather than girlfriend. This cause Yvette to become angry and upset that Duddy didnt trust her and brought money in to the picture. Slowly over time Duddy became verbally violent towards Yvette, always telling her to shut up and yelling at her profoundly. Slowly Duddy obsession pushed him away from Yvette. By the end of the book Duddy was so obsessed with land, money and trying to become a somebody that he lost the important things in life. Duddy lost things that cant be bought but money, or impressed with land, he lost friends and family.

Alladin Essay Example for Free

Alladin EssayI enjoy going to the movies. My experience with movies began when my ma and dad first took me to watch Alladin(1992) a Disney feature cinema. I remember the long line of kids with their p arnts queuing up for popcorn and soda right before entering the darkened theater. If on that point was one word to take up how I felt and must fool looked eon watching what seemed to me giant cartoon characters dancing and sing on the big screen, I am guessing it would be spellbound. Nowadays, my affinity with the movies remains.To me theres nothing better than subsiding down with popcorn, a soda, and perhaps a slice of pizza and maybe well-nigh layaboutdy while waiting for the movie to start. For anywhere between $7. 00-$9. 50, I give the sack spend about a twain of hours eating while losing myself in the story that I have stood in line for to watch. Theres nothing else for me to do but sit covering, relax and enjoy the programOr at least thats whats supposed to happe n. corresponding most adult births, my relationship with the movies has come to be of a love/hate nature. sequence I still enjoy the films, often I find my reverie and trip to a state of moral suspension interrupted by the most unbelievable and dismaying things. For example, comedies are a favorite of mine. Whether through with(predicate) slapstick or the more sophisticated and witty comedies, I enjoy a good jocundity as oft as the next person does. Unfortunately, when that next persons version of a laugh is trumpet-like and unrestrained and mixed with comments of Boy I sure didnt see that coming that persists make up after the suspicious part is through, it fuck rather put a crimp on my personal enjoyment.Date movies arent much better every. It throne get rather difficult to distinguish whether the sounds Im checking are coming from the film or from the row behind me. Ive noticed that in particularly mushy scenes, it is not unusual to hear sotto voce whispers of sweet n othings among the courting couples and giggling among the teenaged girls in the audience every time the lead characters would kiss .It can also be rather irritating when, in the middle of a rather climactic scene, some person s mobile phone would honourable go off ringing. Only three things can possibly happen then. One, the ringing is suddenly silenced by the apologetic offender hitting either the reject or off button. Two, ringing phone will be answered and Ill call you back will be quickly whispered. Three, offender will let the phone play out the self-colored of his ring tone too mortified to admit ownership of the ringing phone and practically destroy two minutes o or more of the film for the rest of the audience.Of course I havent even mentioned this very select group of stack who just cant not take the call It can be unbelievable how important some people seem to think they are that they forget that they are intruding on the rights of others. And then there are also thes e people who seem to think that it is their verbalize duty and obligation to provide a running commentary of the films story. For some reason, some people who have seen the film before and have gone to watch the movie again with friends feel obligated to chequer their companions Dont worry.The bomb wont explode. Just you wait and so-and-so hero will arrive in just a few seconds. After which they proceed to detail how the hero or heroine will save the day. It can get rather tempting to just turn around and admonish them for this. If its not the plot spoilers, there are people who just cant keep their emotions to themselves. I remember one time when I was sitting watching the film Constantine (2005) and heard several screams of the word Run or Hide in about five different languages from the audience.If I ever needed proof of how culturally diverse the States has become, well there it was. Dont get me wrong though. Despite all these, my enjoyment of the silver screen remains. While I admit that there were a few times when I cheated and just opted for a dull night at home with some select DVDs and some snacks on my sofa, I still go back to the movie theater.I suppose it can be viewed as a quirk of mine but I do miss the battle of wills I get into with my next-seat neighbor on who claims rights to the armrest separating our seats. I miss the stand off that takes place between myself and the guy behind me after I lead him to please take his foot off my seat back. All these things do not diminish my hullabaloo of seeing the anticipation and enjoyment shared on the audiences faces including my own as the movie starts its magic with the flash of its beginning credits.Most of all, I look forward to the many and various reactions among the audience as the last credits roll on the screen and the house lights come on. Its sad that some people cant seem to fully appreciate the movie-going experience and treat it along with its audience with the respect they deserve. For me, despite the not so nice experiences in the movie house, the magic and excitement of going to the movies still exist. Our relationship endures and remains strong.

Critically reflect on my managerial role within my job Essay Example for Free

Critically reflect on my autobusial utilization within my concern hear1. IntroductionWith the development of society and economics, our world has become much more complex and changeful than long time before. Todays managers corroborate to be very sensitive to the changing of the environment, to conceive and cope with the diversity of the world. As a result, the role focusing plays in private welkin as well as universal sector has become more and more important, both theoretically and practically. Elements of focusing could be found as betimes as in the building construction of the Pyramids in ancient Egypt. However, great progress has been made since come through century in the study of solicitude. The theories of management vary from culture to culture, from generation to generation. The following report is my agreement towards the principles of management and a reflection of my own managerial roles at work, referring to Mintzbergs ten principles.2. About manageme nt theoryThe first theory of management was delivered by Henri Fayol, a French industrialist, in 1916. He defined management as to manage is to forecast and plan, to organise, to command, to co-ordinate and to control(Mc Ilwee T. and Roberts I., 1991, p.117). The other important management theories, such as Elton Mayos valet relations movement, Max Webers idealized bureaucracy, and Henry Mintzbergs ten principles on management, have emerged subsequently. Here, I mainly fatality to introduce Henry Mintzbergs ten principles on management.* What is it?Henry Mintzbergs ten roles management theory was based on the study of five chief executives and a few others managers real lives. He described what he had seen as the roles a manager play, which were called ten principles on management.The ten roles ar divided into three groups interpersonal, nurtureal, and decisional (see suppose 1).Figure 1The Ten Managerial RolesThe three interpersonal roles are radically encertain(p)ed the int erpersonal relationships. In the social movement role, the manager represents the brass in all matters of formality. Duties that involve inter personal roles may sometimes be routine, Nevertheless, they are important to the smooth functioning of an organization and cannot be ignored by the manager (Mintzberg H., 1989, p.15-16). The attraction role defines the relationships between the manger and employees. In the striking role, the manger maintains information links both internal and outside organization.The interpersonal roles make the managers more easily accept information. Thus, the three informational roles are primarily touch with the information aspects of managerial work. The functioning of information is a key part of the managers job (Mintzberg H, 1989, p.18). In the admonisher role, the manager acts as the nerve affectionateness for the organisation, receiving the latest, most concrete, most up-to-date information. In the role of disseminator, the manager transm its special information into the organization. In the role of spokesperson, the manager disseminates the organizations information into its environment.Information is not, of course, and end in itself it is the basic input to decision-making (Mintzberg H., 1989, p.19). The decisional roles make significant use of the information. The unique access to information places the manager at the centre of organisational decision-making. thither are four decisional roles. In the entrepreneur role, the manager tries to improve their organization by pursuance effective ways of using resources and technologies. In the swage handler role, the manger resolves unexpected problems that threaten organizational goals. In the resource-allocating role, the manager roots how organizational resources will be used to meet planned objectives. In the negotiator role, the manager negotiates on behalf of the organization.Although the Mntzbergs ten managerial roles are described individually, they are har dly separated. No role can be pulled out of the framework and the job be left intact (Mintzberg H., 1989, p.19). So we should consider the Mntzbergs ten managerial roles as both interactive and integrated.* Why do I choose it?There are many definitions of management, and most of them are relatively concise and simplistic. However, management is a complex process much more complex than this simple definition leads us to believe (Griffin R. W., 1999, p.4). Although there are some(prenominal) other major approaches and theories that exist, such as the human resources, quantitative, and systems approaches, I believe that their impact on the management basics is not as greatly felt as that of the works of Mintzberg. Mintzberg focused on what the managers job and life is really like, applied the folklore and fact to managers, and got the ten managerial roles theory. Compared with other management theories, Mintzbergs work is considered as the best reflection of the practice in the real manager life, which analyses the managerial roles comprehensively. Many of them can be found in todays management ideas and practices. In addition, Mintzberg regards the ten roles as a whole, which makes us more easier understand the process of management.3. Critically reflect on managerial role within my workI worked in Liaoning Provincial Financial Bureau, taking charge of governance procurement. Although I am not at the localise of manager yet, I actually shoulder the equivalent responsibilities in the administration of work. Most of the ten managerial roles, which Mintzberg had mentioned in his article, were involved in my daily work. In addition, these roles do not exist separately, they connect with separately other. Here is an illustration of my managerial roles at work with regard to Mintzbergs theory (see Figure 2).Figure 2Firstly, the interpersonal roles help me get more useful information. With no title manager, the figurehead role seldom occurs in my work. But I actua lly perform the leader role. I should set goals and make plans to decide how the process of government procurement to be arranged. In the three interpersonal roles, I think the liaison role is the basic role in my work. From my personal experience, if I want to provide better services, I must contact with people both inside and outside. For example, I need make contacts outside to visualize what the public sectors, which I am in charge of, want to buy this year, and then decide how government procurement can be arranged. In addition, I must connect with my colleagues to learn the other public sectors demands.In this stage, the communication is important. Communication is the exchange of information, facts, ideas, and meanings. Good communication is vital in organisations and lies at the stock ticker of effective management. How to achieve effective communication? I conclude the following principles according to my work experience. inhabit what your objective is, Analyse situation , Use effective communication tools, such as mail, phone calls, meetings, etc., Make sure you understand what the others say properly.Secondly, the informational roles are the main constitution of my work. Everyday I seek and receive a great deal of information through interpersonal roles (monitor role), and then forward information to other organization members (disseminator role), and furthermore transmit information to outsiders (spokesman role). For example, I collect information from the suppliers and buyers, and then discuss this information with my colleagues. Afterward, I must pass on clear and definitive information to outside people who concern close it.In this stage, it is important for me to distinguish different kinds of information. Because I receive a great deal of information both internally and externally every day, I must tell immediately the informal information from those formal ones, so as to get precise and useful information for users both inside and outside. It is necessary to establish a steady and efficient channel to achieve a free information flow.Thirdly, the decisional roles are the most important roles in my work. Of four decisional roles, I spend more time in the disturbance handler and negotiation role. I must deal with all the questions from suppliers and buyers, and coordinate among them. Sometimes, I get them in concert and make trade-off to get a win-win solution in some difficult transaction.From my work experience, I conclude that the ability to analyze, interpret, and solve problems becomes increasingly important for managers. It is crucial for managers to see the organization as a whole and the relationships among its various levels and visualize ways to make the organization more efficient and effective. These abilities are requisite to effective decision-making. How to achieve effective decision-making? It depends on many factors. Quality of information, which you have received, is the key element of decision-makin g. In addition, the skill of disturbance handler and negotiation will help you achieve effective decision-making.4. ConclusionWe have learned lots of management theories. Mintzbergs ten managerial roles are the synthesis of theory and practice. It is helpful for management work. But I think we should pay more attention to practice of management. We should synthesize our own methods and habits that are suitable for our own area. It will eventually make the public administration more effective and efficient. mention* Griffin R. W., (1999) Management, 6th .ed., Houghton Mifflin.* Mc Ilwee T., Roberts, I. (1991) Human Resourse Management.* Mintzberg H., (1989) Mintzberg On Management Inside Our Strange World of Organizations, capital of the United Kingdom Collier Macmillan Publisher.

Perceptual Map Marketing Essay Example for Free

Perceptual Map Marketing EssayThe consumption of this document is to garnish the information contained within the Perceptual Map Marketing simulation and relate to its information as functional and important. Contained in the simulation were three phases, each of signifi back tootht importance. We leave behind include in this document the situation, the recommended solutions and the results.We volition discuss the multiple marketing aspects that were revealed within the simulation and we leave take in charge to puddle satisfactory responses to the conglomerate questions which arise let out of the relationships between specialty and positioning of fruits or services and what the impact of the product liveness cycle on marketing is. It is the look forward to that after reading this document there will be a clear concept of what the results of this simulation were and how they ar applic qualified to the papers mission. All good things take a leak a story and pleasu re boat Thorr was no exception.We learned about the meaning behind the bike. The simulation showed how to seduce and use a perceptual map utilise the bike as a primary example. When using the Perceptual Map it then became clearly more evident which direction the marketing goals should take to course on its back the heart and soul of the Morotcycle brand. In selling thousands of motorcycles a year the Thorr Motocycle company has created a client base capable of supporting their imense variety of choice that is given to the consumer. Everything from the type of engine to how umpteen people can ride the bike.They sell accessories such as protective gear, clothing and even lesser models for children. The services they offer to their customers be that you would expect from a first rate bike shop. Our task is to right up a positioning strategy, a perceptual map and create the parameters that will become spanking to the product as it will be the customers only information before q ualification a major(ip) purchase. For decades now the industry of motorized bikes bemuse been on the ries. Even with this evident truth backed by consumer research the top selling item that Thorr Motorcycles is creating seems to be dwindeling.The logical conclusion that we atomic number 18 coming to to is that their order customers are in the decades of their 30s till almost 60s and through the proccess of life seem to have lost interests in what Thorr stands for. No longer are these men rebels or out to be wild as Steppenwolf would say. some(prenominal) consumers who are younger are barely not capable of affording the high price tag associated with a Thorr bike which ranges in the high 20 to low 30 thousand dollar range. Younger riders are more apt to buy less expensive, quicker riding bikes that are the exact opposite of the delineation that Thorr stands for.We are going to solidify Cruiser thorrs postion in the market by creating its Perceptual map. There are quaternity basic parameters that are relevant to the entire scheme of biking industry which reflect the highest chances for Cruiser Thorrs survival. These are the four parameters lifestyle image, product design and styling, service offerings, and price. The selection of lifestyle image is almost a no brainer as it is the backbone of the Cruiser Thorrs previous success. The entire bikes thriving record is built upon a re dropation that having their bike is a status symbol.The same apprehension that people buy Starbucks instead of simply brewing their own coffee at home. Un exchangeable other industries, packation specfically speaks to the identity of the person who has the item. They will spend much of their time utilizing their vehicle. In no vehicle type is this more relevant than in bikes where people will see the bike and there will be no windows, walls, or doors secrecy the rider from the world. Everyone will see who the rder is and that is why Product Design nd Styling are so live to its success. The bike and the rider are one.Man and machine moving along the pavement together. The service offerings are probably the most second important aspect to a vehicle other than the price. Maintanence and such can get very expensive very quickly. Assuring that you are taking care of you customers and looking out for their well being is primary in the grand scheme of all things. At the end of the estimation of course is always the most important aspect. Cost and price. The price is affected by many, many things. Among these things is engineering, construction, materials, labor, transport of the bike itself.The whole purpose for this bikes creation is ot make money. To make money you must have a clear marketing plan. Due to this obvious fact we have restructured Cruiser Thorr and decided to not create a new bike. It is imperative to keep the Cruiser Thorr in production if Thorr is going to keep making motorcycles. It is the bike that has built their empire. It would be as i f Levis stopped selling 501 Jeans. We instead create a pay option that gives the consumers with less money an opportunity to own a Cruiser Thorr.With increased service options will be able to make rational sense of the high price that we will be able to keep at the same price. For advertising it would probably be a good idea to put some endorsements in race tracks, hook up with a popular drink brand like MONSTER and maybe make a Monster Bike that can ride around. We can to a fault take a page out of the GM book and put our bikes into movies and on television for product placement. The current straegy is based on price, product, location, current pomotions and services offered.With the goal of repositioning the product in an attempt to remove the competions hold on the market because we will move the parameters into concurrent thought forms and proccesses making us and our strategies the same as the competition. We know that there are four key factors that are represented by stages in a products life cycle that are important for the marketing officer to know and understand. The four stages introduction, growth, maturity and decline. Once a product reaches the stage of its full maturity it is time to revisit it with the hope of making improvements.If this is not done the product will very quickly enter the declining stages of its life cycle. This is the reason that Cruiser Thorr started to drop its sales figure. Their product had reached its maturity. Their current customers were old and any knew ones had no idea what Cruiser Thorr, the brand, stood for. For this reason we had to reinven and improve their bikes. It was requisite to compete. It is the hope that we have together reached and addressed the various key points necessary to form a graps of the information that was provided. We have described the three major phases in the simulation.The situation and the recommended solutions have been addressed along with what our results were. We have talked about t he different marketing aspects and answered the different question sthat were arisen between the relationships of differentiation and positioning for each of the products and services and its impact. It was the desire of I to create a solid understanding of the purpose and use of Perceptual Maps in Marketing. References All information was taken from the Perceptual Map Marketing wile provided on the University of Phoenix website.

McDonalds use to help their employees Essay Example for Free

McDonalds use to help their employees EssayStaff are expensive and in McDonalds bring to obtain permission to recruit a brand-new member of staff. If McDonalds is struggling, they may besides need capital of New Hampshire to replace somewhat unriv aloneed who is leaving. Normally at that placefore there is a proper(postnominal) procedure managers must learn before the recruitment process endure be started. Agree the dividing decline Description The problem beingness advertised may be new, in which case a job description needs to be devised. Even if someone is being replaced, it is useful to update the job description in case both task or duties have changed, Example of a Job DescriptionDepartment Marketing Job Title Marketing Assistant Hours of work 38 per hebdomad, normally 9am-5 45pm Monday-Friday with one hour lunch, but some flexibility required Salary scale 12000-i 14000 Responsible to Marketing Manager Responsible for Not relevant Job purpose to provide custo mary support for the marketing team, to prepare marketing materials, to keep the website up to date and monitor online responses. The type of interview allow for depend on the job. a basic one point interview is usual for manual or junior vacancies in McDonalds.A two stage interview in McDonalds would involve a panel of interviewers use for senior or high learning vacancies. Some interviews will include basic mental testings of aptitude or specific skills such as keyboarding or numeracy All interviewers in McDonalds should be trained so they sleep to rushher how to question candidates skilfully and fairly. They should know how to bang gaps on application forms, understand how to follow up inadequate answers and have the skills to encourage shy or reserved candidates to do their best. They must also be clear on all the laws e. g. sex discrimination, wellness and safety etc.They should also be able to be fair, ths involves same questions and discussions. Making an offer at one time a person has been selected McDonalds makes a formal job offer. The other candidates are normally not contacted at this stage, in case the first choice refuses because then a offer can be presumption to the second best. Only after the offer is accepted 100% the other applicants are told they have been unsuccessful. McDonalds know that waiting for news is agonising for candidates they speed things up contacting candidates by phone so that the remaining letter can be sent quickly. TrainingThe reason why McDonalds train there employees is to make trusted there employees are learning knowledge and skills which can be used in employment. Training can be split into two parts On the job teach This means that the employee is trained in the McDonalds. Many people enjoy this as it gibes them check and enable them to do their job properly. Off the job teaching This means attending course elsewhere such as colleges or a training centre away for McDonalds. Skills Training Training i s about gaining more skills Non transferable skills These are skills that are specific to the job held. They may be of little use in another job.E. g. training to make burgers in the eating place provides the employee with a non transferable skill. This is not a problem unless they look for a new job, get made redundant, or skill becomes out of date. This is where McDonalds allocating people extra tasks in their jobs gives concern a rectify idea of an employees true ability and determination. Job enrichment Where McDonalds add more interest and more difficult tasks to the job. This is by means of with(p) with an employee with promising potential to see just how capable the person really is. down the stairsstudying An employee is attached to a precise senior manager to act as an assistant.Shadowing This is where in McDonalds an employee spends more time each week with a manager to learn what they do and to get a better idea of what problems they deal with. It is used in McDona lds to adapt a employee rapidly into a top job. Mentoring This is used in McDonalds a bus it is where a senior manager passes on the benefits of his or her experience and wisdom to a younger employee. determine work Giving a promising employee a specific investigative project enables them to get prehend many aspects of McDonalds and it enables them to get to know senior management.National Awards McDonalds are very keen to train and start out their employees. The government encourages McDonalds to invest time and money to be able to do this. Employees can achieve NVQs (National vocational Qualifications. National training awards McDonalds and their employees can be granted National training awards for achieving excellence and success through training. The awards are aimed at people who have decided to improve their chances of success through learning new skills. National Vocational QualificationsThe reason for NVQs is to create a national system of approved skills based qualific ations for all employees. These qualifications are workplace based and they cover vocational areas such as McDonalds Administration. Training and development are vitally important for the overall efficiency and competitiveness of McDonalds. The way in which McDonalds recruit and train is sensitive as there employees have generally improved. The appraisal is a good method which also helps the employees performance, because McDonalds do this every six months to analyse progression.For McDonalds, people are its most important asset. This is because customer satisfaction begins with the attitutudes and abilities of employees and committed, rough-and-ready workers are the best route to success. For these reasons, McDonalds strives to attract and hire the best, and to provide the best place to work. All businesses experience staff turnover for various reasons e. g. career change, leaving the area, returning to education, a new opportunity elsewhere. Recruiting and training staff is ver y expensive and businesses will look to keep staff turnover to a minimum. oneness way of doing this is to choose wisely, and treat well. McDonalds needs people who want to excel in delivering outstanding service. To visualise the company recruits the right people, it has identified essential skills and behaviours that applicants should be able to demonstrate. For each position there is a job description outlining typical duties and responsibilities and a person specification defining personal skills and competences. Recruiting suitable applicants Under McDonalds recruitment policy, each individual restaurant is responsible for filling hourly-paid positions.The Management Recruitment department in East Finchley co-ordinates the recruitment of managers. For recruiting hourly-paid employees McDonalds use several avenues. Positions are generally advertised in the restaurant. The companys recruitment biography shows this is the best method of hiring quality staff e. g. people living lo cally and/or friends of existing employees. McDonalds also uses local job centres, career fairs and other local facilities. It is vital to use effective hiring material with a clear message targeted at the right audience. A recruitment exercise often generates more applications than there are positions available.The manager will select the applicants to be interviewed and will conduct the interviews. Over 60% of restaurant crew are aged 20 or under and for the majority of applicants, a job with McDonalds would be their first experience of employment. For many young people, McDonalds also offers a career opportunity. A well-run interview will identify an applicants potential to be a successful McDonalds employee. To find people who will be committed to excel in delivering outstanding service, McDonalds scripts an interview guide that helps the company predict how an applicants past behaviour is apt(predicate) to influence future performance.It uses a fact-based decision-making proce ss. The questions look for actual events or situations rather than allowing applicants to give a general or theoretical response. Interviewers look for behavioural evidence in the applicants life history that fits with the requirements of the job. The interviewer rates candidates on their responses and offers jobs to those who earn the highest ratings. McDonalds future managers come from two main sources. More than half of all salaried management positions are taken up by hourly-paid employees who earn promotion.The remainder are predominately graduates. Wherever possible, McDonalds directs applicants towards applying on line at www. mcdonalds. co. uk. People who cannot access the web can call the Recruitment Hotline, or pick up a pre-paid Business Reply Card from a McDonalds restaurant. The selection process includes an initial online psychometric test. This test produces an initial score. The applicant then attends a first stage interview and is offered On Job hold (OJE). This is a 2-day assessment in a restaurant. Successful completion at OJE will lead to a final.

Understanding Spesific Needs in Health and Social Care Essay Example for Free

Understanding Spesific use up in wellness and complaisant C atomic number 18 EssayThe set of this essay is to analyse the concepts of health, disability, illness and conduct and in like manner investigate how health and social c atomic number 18 servings and systems support individuals with specific demand and odour at different set tabues and intervention strategies available to support individuals with specific necessitate, lastly will explain what ch all toldenge demeanour is and explain strategies available for those on the job(p) with batch with specific needs LO1. 1 Health is delimit as a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and non merely the absence seizure of unsoundness or infirmity (WHO, 1974). During the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion in 1986, the World Health Organisation said that health is a source for every mean solar twenty-four hours life, non the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasi hum social and soulal resources, as well as physical capacities. Health is traditionally equated to the absence of disease. A lack of fundamental pathology was thought to define ones health as good, whereas biological impelled pathogens and conditions would render an individual with poor health and labelled diseased.However, Aggleton amp Homans (1897), Ewles amp Simnett (1999) argue that health is holistic and includes different dimensions and all needs to be considered. Bilingham (2010) explains health in two gravels which argon the bio health check model and the socio-medical model. She said biomedical model is an approach to health and illness that identifies healthy as the absence of disease and focuses on diagnosing and curing individuals with specific illnesses , the socio medial model is an approach to health and illness that focuses on the social and environmental factors that influence our health, including the impact of p all overty and poor hovictimization.The Disability dispa rity symbolize 1995 defines a change person as anyone with a physical or mental impairment which has a unassailable and long term adverse face upon his or her ability to carry out normal day to day activities. Disability butt joint affect psyches mobility, erudi 10ess or brain, and lack of transforming when it comes to danger. Disability covers a lot of impairments which include physical impairments, sensory impairments and communication difficulties.There are deuce-ace models of disability which are the personal tragedy model, the medical model and the social model. In the past hoi polloi with disabilities were discriminated by the families and the society. The language and terminology use were actors line such as imbeciles, handicapped and mental retarded. muckle with disabilities were called dangerous and scary and they were seen as non equal citizens, in need of special reverence. They were not seen as normal good reckon.Behaviour is anything that a person doe s or does not do which has a negative effect on their lives or the lives of others. The negative effects can be emotional, physical and social. Also, ones demeanor pleases and others infuriates. Some deportment are socially acceptable here in the occidental world but not socially acceptable in African communities, for example kissing in public is not totally acceptable where I come from nevertheless, here in London (atomic number 63) pile can kiss in the public without any line of naturalize, people accept such demeanours in Europe .Illness is the partial experience of loss of health (Naidoo and Wills, 2000 p7). Illness is having poor health and is considered a synonym for disease nigh have described it as a perception by a diligent to define a disease. Illness indicates a condition causing harm and pain. Social constructionists argue that the spare-time activity concepts illness, health, disease and behaviour are all relative concepts not universal but situation. Social concepts are learned and shared.Concepts often ascertain us to a greater extent about the societies out of which they came than about the thing they are truly describing. LO1. 2 wads perceptions on specific needs vary from cultures and societies. Peoples perceptions Are also heathenishly and historically specific. Epilepsy in the Middle Ages was viewed as a violent bullheadedness by malevolent or even divine forces. Early part of the 20th century epilepsy was associate with insanity people believed that the Holy Spirit was functional them.In Third World cultures epilepsy continue to be defined in super natural terms. Recently a club study in Nigeria piece that after heredity, witch craft was the cause of epilepsy amongst the lay populace (Awaritefe et al, 1985). Danesi (1984) has revealed that most Nigerians with epilepsy experience it as exceedingly stigmatizing and something to be hidden from others but through medical discoveries and medical advances we know that epile psy is caused by abnormal neurologic activity that occurs as a result of damage or result to the brain.Epilepsy is now controlled by carbamazepine tablets and sodium valproate which controls the seizures however, what we all know is subject to reinterpretation. At any time new technological advances, new medical discoveries, new ways of looking at the structure and functioning of the body or brain could interchange the current orthodoxy and epilepsy could come to be seen in a entirely different light. Department of Health (1999) launched a strategy to ensure that doctors and nurses have the learnings they need to use to bedevil the shell use of new applied science introduced into the NHS.The right to freedom from discriminations for people with a range of disabilities, including those with a cultivation disability, has been enshrined in the 1995 Disability Discrimination Act which says employers should pay reasonable adjustments to allow an individual with disability to ga in employment and ramps to be provided so that wheel chair drug users can advance t facilities in the facilities in the community.Also on that point is the Valuing People 2001 which state that support should be given to people with learning disabilities and their families and that people with disabilities should have control over their lives as much as possible (Department of Health, 2009). I have also make a miniature scale research and investigated the perceptions of people with specific needs which I carried at Shining Star residential Care Home . LO1. 3 Social policy is the simply one way of encouraging and promoting respectable practice.The functions of a regulatory body go much further than disseminating policies and code of ethics. commandment acts have helped to crash and enforce educational standards, which edge the needs of people, e. g. the Disability Discrimination Act 1995, which protect individuals with disabilities from discrimination (Rogers and Pilgrim, 19 91). order plays an important voice in ways that attend tos are made available for individuals with specific needs. Legislation modifies attitudes and practices.From the mid 1980s some western countries e. g. Australia have enacted statute which embraces a right establish talk rather than a custodial discourse and which seeks to address issue s of social justice and discrimination. The legislation also embraces the conceptual shift form disability being seen as individualised medical problem to rather being about community membership and participation and access to regular societal activities such as employment, education and recreation.Where access is inappropriate, inadequate, difficult or ignored, advocacy processes have been initiated to address situations and promote the people rights. Under the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 an individual has the right to get the info about health serve wells in a format that is accessible to them where it is reasonable for the serv ice provider to provide in the format, a hospital will have to provide forms and any literature in braille or large print to assist any blind person or anyone who have a ocular impairment.Most of The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 has been replaced by the Equality act, this was changed on the 1st of October 2010 and is aimed to protect disabled people and prevent disability discrimination. Disabled people are protected in areas of employment, education, access to goods, service and facilities including larger private clubs and land ground transport services buying and renting land.The Data security Act 1998 is the key legislation that governs the protection of data , when records for service users are unplowed for the purpose of share information to provide a well trusted care service the details are kept in the individual service user file , they will have access to it but the information will not be shared with others The Valuing People 2001 was designed to improve suppo rt for people with learning disabilities and their families to make sure people with disabilities are in control of their lives and that they have the job they want.The Mental ability Act aims to protect people with learning disabilities and metal health conditions. It provides clear guidelines for carers and professional about who can gather in decisions in which situations. The Health and Social Care Act 2008 established the Care Quality management as the regulator of all health and adult social care services. It is a single Act of Parliament that contains the commissions powers and duties, and re infixs the modernisation and integration of health and social care. It contains some new powers of enforcement that were not held by any of the predecessor geological formations.LO2. 1 A Care plan is a document that articulates a plan of care for and individual with specific need or disability. It helps individuals get through valued fulfilling lifestyles, because it is build well-n igh the needs of the person rather than expecting them to fit into existing provision (Ritchel et al, 2003). The care plan is for Mr RN , who has autism and has learning disabilities. He is Jewish and is non verbal and he understands little English and uses makaton, sign language and pictures as a mode of communication. To analyse his care needs I will use the Maslows hierarchy of needs. charm figure 1 for Maslow hierarchy of needs Figure 1 Maslow hierarchy of needs Mr. RN had fortuity and is unable to walk properly. He uses a walking stick to move around in the hall and a wheel chair when out in the community. He does not hear properly and uses hearings aids. At the care station staff always checks if it is working properly, by changing the butteries and cleaning it for him. He also uses glasses to improve his vision. Mr RNs care plan is person-centred to meet all his care needs at the same time he makes his own prime(prenominal)s.His holistic needs are met harmonize to his ch oice through assessment. He is from a Jewish background and sticks to his religious beliefs and culture seriously. RN is always support to the synagogue every Friday to attend to his spiritual wellbeing. I respect his beliefs to avoid abuse, discrimination, oppression or prejudice. He is also provided with kosher meals. The organisation I work for has a Jewish calendar that recognises all the facts and festivals to spotlight his religious rights. I relate this to Abraham Maslows (1908-1980) hierarchy of needs, a theory of human Motivation.It has atomic number 23 aims to it with the most basic needs at the bottom of the pyramid. I prepare meals for RN according to his cultural and religious needs. I ask him what he would like to eat from the variety of his kosher meal. I make sure RNs expertty and security or protection from harm and abuse according to Health and Safety Act 1974. I have to ensure that the environment around the care home is safe and welcoming for family members v isiting. Socially, I support RN to visit family and friends. This gives him sense of belonging, love, friendship and trust.During the key working I encourage RN by reassuring him everything is fine. This builds his confidence thus leading to self receivedisation growth. When these needs are successfully met chances are the service users feels more valued and respected, it also promotes independence. LO2. 2 At my study we have a set of policies and procedures that we use when we work with clients with specific needs. Looking at Mr RNs care plan I catch the Data Protection Act 1998 in maintaining his confidentiality and that completely necessary people access his care plan.He has little awareness when it comes to sentry go and I follow the Health and Safety at Work 1974 to meet his safety needs, Mr RN cannot walk for long distance, he uses a wheelchair when out in the community and the wheel chair is checked every day in advance use to see if its not damaged. We have the dial a ride that comes to pick him up and take him to the day centre and he has the blue badge scheme that allows him to have free put he goes to shopping malls. We use the visual communication systems such as Picture Exchange conversation to help him plan for activities he is able to choose what he wants to eat with no problems.By doing this we are promoting independence as he is able to do things on his own. LO2. 3 The organisation I work for is located in the Redbridge Borough. The borough offers the Community Toilet Scheme which provides clean, safe and accessible public toilets in more convenient locations for residents. Disabled people can use the toilet free of charge during normal working hours.There is a Redbridge Institute of Adult Education that provides a range of courses for people with specific needs and offers pottery lesson, arts and crafts, music and dance lesson for people with learning disabilities . he college provides a range of specialised equipment or learning res ources to meet specific needs for people with disability, this includes hearing loops and large print keyboards. twenty-four hours care services providesupportforpeople living in the community, social inclusion and severance carefor carers. It offerspractical and emotional support by providinga range of activities and facilities tohelpstay as independent as possible and improve and maintainquality of life. Dial a ride provides offers house-to-house service for disabled people who cant use buses, trains or the London underground.It can be used for all sorts of journeys, making it easier to go shopping, visit friends and attend doctors appointments. Furthermore, there is London Taxi card, which provides subsidised house-to-house transport in taxis and private-hire vehicles for people who have serious mobility or visual impairment doo The Borough provides ambulances in case of emergencies. There is also Occupational Therapy Service which works with rehabilitation care workers to ensu re carers practice safe manual handling.They carry our risk assessments and provide carers with specialised schooling to use a range of equipment. STAAR (supporting those with autism and Aspergers Redbridge) offers liquified for people with special needs. They organise activities to raise awareness and highlight the needs of children and adults with specific needs. LO3. 1 Autism has no cure and therefore there are a number of approaches and interventions available to help people with versatile difficulties they may have. Approaches vary in costs and availability in different areas.It also depends what suits an individual, the family, the multi disciplinary squad will decide what best intervention or approach is suitable for an individual. There are ten approaches /interventions for people to choose from, these are the behavioural intervention, complementary therapies, diet and supplements, medical interventions, physiological intervention, relationship based intervention, servic e based intervention, and skills based intervention, standard therapies and technology. I will explain the two service based interventions and one standard therapy intervention because we use these at my workplace.TEACCH is a service based intervention/ curriculum and stands for Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communications Handicapped Children/Adults. TEACCH is not a technique or a method. It is a complete programme based on the principle that the person with autism is the priority. It provides services for children and adults with autism and related to developmental disorders. TEACCH works with people from all parts of the autistic spectrum and offers continuing support with the primary aim of enabling them to live as members of the community.TEACCH programme helps alleviate some possible frustrations associated with gainsay behaviour for people who are non verbal or verbal and also assist in communication (Clements and Zarkowska 2000, Cumine at al 2000, Jordan and Jones 1999, Jordan and Powell 1998, Powell and Jordan 1997) SPELL approach is also a service based intervention and stands for Structure people with autism rise change very frightening and they struggle to cope in new or unfamiliar situations.This safe, sure and reassuring environments and activities give people with autism the opportunity to increase their independence, develop their communication skills and reduce their anxiety. Positive expectations and approaches barriers of each person are identified and in this approach people work tom overcome these and achieve their goal and potential Empathy people see and understand the world in the same way that a person with autism experiences it. They focus on individual interests and preferences, understanding what motivate distresses or preoccupies each person . sing these insights to help people deliver the best possible care and support. Low arousal in this approach people respond to peoples sensory needs by providing surroun dings and activities that are calm, focussed and free from clutter and distraction.This approach helps to increase independence in all aspects of life Links this is linking the family and the wider community and other support services and reducing the difficulties faced by people with autism, it is aimed to help them move unneurotic towards a world where they have the same opportunities Lastly the lyric and language therapy is a standard intervention.It is aimed to understand the nature and extent of child/adults difficulties and facilitate better communication where possible. Through the speech and language therapy the service users I work with are able to have a say in the things they like to do. LO3. 2 The TEACCH approach has been very effective to the service users I work with. It has enhanced their lives and we have seen an increased good in self help skills, social skills and there is reduction in appropriate behaviour.Through skill enhancement one of the TEACCH seven key p rinciples, CA one of the service users can make afternoon tea on his own and all staff encourage him to keep on doing that on a periodic basis, the risk assessment also highlighted the risk associated with him making the tea and the benefit of him making the tea, the benefit are increased independency. Also a research conducted by Ulster University has recordn that communication, concentration and independence has improved by 80% for people with autism.TEACCH has helped our service users to introduce routine and stability in cases where they are hyper sensitive and confused (Cumine et al 2000). The SPELL approach is also effective. , we have a sensory room (it is a quite ingenuous room, for a person with special needs, it is a pleasant environment where the distractions of the outside world are completely absent, present them with, music and attention grabbing moving colours and shapes and then add the ability for the person to certainly make things happen that are so dramatic that they cannot be missed and you have the building blocks of real progress.This is a low arousal technique and it really works as the service users have gained a lot of independence. The Speech and Language Therapy is the key part of the autism treatment. This therapy has been effective to the service users I work with because the speech therapist has assisted us in working with the service users through the speech therapy technique. We use makaton, signs, and pictures boards with words to communicate with the service users. This approach is effective because now we are able to communicate with them both verbally and non verbal.Service users are able to make choices and preferences about their day to day lives. JW is able to ask who is sleeping over by showing us this sign (it meaning sleep). Without the intervention of the speech therapist JW was only saying few words and never learned any news words, this was also said by (Koegel and Koegel 1998) However, some of the approach es cost a lot of money and there has been many service dilemmas and polices. It a service users right that they get support to meet their communication needs and we had to wait a long time before a speech language therapist was assigned to our home.Our priority is to make sure service users get the right support they need at all times. In accession, it is costly for Social Services because they have to pay professionals who support families with autistic members. To support residential and day care cost extremely high, for adults who require ongoing support. There is cost of education for individuals with autism who require more level of support. More hours and attention is need for carers who have to go through national training strategy for Autism, to meet the needs of service users. LO3. 3There are a lot of developments emerging in right aways world to support people with specific needs. As I work with people with autism, there is an Autism Awareness Card and this card is used to educate the general public in challenging moments spot in the community. One side of the card contains information specific to the individual and strategies that are helpful to use. The other side of the card is the general information about autism, the card are developed using the person centred approach so that specific information about the individual is used.There are approaches available to help treat autism and organisations that offer advice to parents and organisations. There are services offered to organisations and people working with, or supporting someone who has an autistic spectrum disorder there organisation provide autism specific expertise to advise/help with time to come service planning and people on mailing list so that they are kept informed of developments or training in the area, they help key people access to resources for people with autism .There are training available for staff to enable them to work with people with specific needs. LO4. 1 Emerson (19 95) defines challenging behaviour as culturally abnormal behaviour(s) of such intensity , frequency or duration that the physical safety of that person or others is likely to be placed in serious jeopardy , or behaviour which is likely to seriously limit use of, or result in the person being denied access to , ordinary community facilities. contest behaviour is a social label and a person is not a challenge, the behaviour may challenge us in terms of our understanding and response Challenging behaviour can result in the person being denied to access, to ordinary community facilities (Emerson, 1995). At my workplace service user TB has been banned from five pubs because he was spitting on other customers and urinating on the floor. Customers complained about his behaviour and pub buss had to ban him.Research has shown that males are more likely to display challenging behaviour than females and their behaviours tend to be more aggressive. Challenging behaviour tends to reach a peak amidst the ages of 15 and 34 years of age and is particularly over represented in the 14-24 year antiquated age group. The service users I work with have autism and present a lot of challenging behaviour. They present a lot of challenging behaviour as an act of communication, environmental factors former(prenominal)s causes challenging behaviour for example JW exhibits challenging behaviour when we go to crowded noisy places.Also JW cry when he listens to certain music this is contributed by historical / emotional factors. Some service users self harm by lip and hand biting. Furthermore, challenging behaviour is caused by mental health factors for example a service user with dual diagnosis (Down syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder) they develop repetitive behaviour and dont like to be stirred and loud noises. 4. 2. When dealing with challenging behaviour health care organisations need intervention plans, policies and procedures to follow as this is best practice.At my workpla ce we follow the BILD (British Institute of Learning Disabilities) policy framework for physical interventions which sets out three broad categories of physical intervention and the DoH Dfes guidance on restrictive physical intervention. My motorcoach makes sure staff get proper induction when they start their employment and clear guidelines are written in the employees handbook, all staff attend training to deal with challenging behaviour and this include training challenging behaviour, managing violence and aggression, self harm and Caring for People on the Autistic Spectrum.Also the manager makes sure that policies and procedures are written and all times followed under the BILD policy framework. As professionals in the health care sector we have a duty of care towards the vulnerable people we look after, we need to avoid action that will or may harm others and we should always work in the best interest of the service user. At my workplace we follow the General Social Care Coun cil, Codes of Practice for Social Care Workers (Code 4) which states that as a social worker you must respect the rights of service users while pursuit to ensure that their behaviour does not harm themselves or other people.This includes * Recognising that service users have the right to take risks and helping them to identify and manage potential and actual risks to themselves and others * Following risks assessments , policies and procedures to access whether the behaviour of service users presents a risk of harm to themselves or others * Taking necessary steps to minimise the risks of service user from doing actual or potential harm to themselves or others and * Ensuring that relevant colleagues and agencies are informed about the outcomes and implications of risk assessment.My organisations policy is to make sure all staffs are trained in managing challenging behaviours without causing any harm to individuals. This is done in accordance with the Mental Capacity Act 2005, which states that someone is using restraint if they use force or threaten to use force to make someone do something they are resisting, or restrict a persons freedom of movement, whether they are resisting or not. At my care home we use safe practices like the team teach training. LO4. 3 each person is different and each behaviour needs to be considered in its own right.In addition the reasons rump ones behaviour may not be the same as the reasons behind another behaviour which the person shows. A person may shout because this makes others do as he asks. He may hit because this makes others leave him alone. There is therefore a need to build a detailed understanding of why a particular person is engaging in a particular behaviour and why he is likely to engage in that behaviour more under some circumstances than under others. (Clement and Zarkowska 2000) p. 38 The NICE (2006) states that non-phamalogical interventions should be used first before medication in cases of challenging beh aviours.Some of the challenging behaviours are caused when service users are expressing their unmet needs . At my workplace all staff have been trained in communication as effective communication plays important role managing behaviours. We use body language, signs and pictures to communicate with service users who are non verbal. At my workplace we use different strategies to deal with challenging behaviour for service users. We try to use positive, preventative, calming, defusing and problems solving skills instead of holding, restraining and breakaway when dealing with challenging behaviour and in most cases it works well.For example service user JW likes to know who is sleeping over at the end of the shift, when he is presenting challenging behaviour staff calm him down by saying JW do you want me to do sleep over tonight, he answers yes and staff will tell him that what he is doing in not nice and because of that no one is sleeping over ,we encourage him to do something like em ptying the dishwasher , and remind him that someone will sleep over if he continues to be good, JW calms downs apologises to staff and the other service user for his behaviour .He continues to sign sleep in makaton to show that he is happy. Also we always try to remind JW of his behaviour at calm moments of the day (Attwood 1998, Clements and Zarkowska 2000, blue-eyed(a) 1995). Also we have a change in setting strategy to manage DCs challenging behaviour. DC has Autistic Spectrum Disorder and finds any change difficult to tolerate. We support DC to the day centre every Monday we do group activities and DC is disruptive at all times. An assessment was done and it showed that DC did not like crowds and noisy environment.He is encouraged to work in a lesser quiet room with few other people and once she is settled we give her a venial task which means she only visits the larger room for a short time and return. After sometime we reintroduced her to the larger group but we seated her at a table near the door with only two people near her. To manage her behaviour she is asked to deliver things to different rooms. This strategy has worked well and it means DC does not have to spend the whole day in the larger room and the in small stages reintroduction resulted in significant reduction of disruptive behaviour.