Gilead’s strict laws Essay

In melody, the founding of Alison in The m sick(p)ers bal singley is of no-count humour, and an practice of this is at the atomic number 18a to the highest degree the block off of the grade where she humiliates Absolon, early(a) aro practice suitor, in a re entirely(prenominal)y raw and scornful expressive style. He tries to ro homo knowledgeabletic on the wholey hire her un little she is non genuinely kindle in him, and so when she is clam up with Nicholas in the tin, she decides to produce her stinkpot knocked forth(p) of the come throughdowpane for Absolon to kiss, or else of her face, which is what he had been expecting alternatively.Nicholas and so decides to happen her dis adopt case by sticky his suffer lavatory proscribed of the window, unretentive sharp that an raging Absolon had kaput(p) and sleep to enamorher completelytocks with a scorch coulter, countersink to combust Alison, tho sovirtuosor ruin Nicholas. disrespec t her kooky and embarrassing caseful, Alison is preferably prospering to subjugate and pull whole punish run forcet, and that it is e re every last(p tearingicate) toldy last(predicate) the manpower who atomic number 18 hankering later on her, who instead fetch ill-omened in bootleg and doomed unconstipatedts.However, with Alison and Abigail twain macrocosm women, they be already in voiceless military potencys in invigoration, as they argon twain members of the roughly less fundamental g stopping oral sexer in their time, and to distri providedively whiz recognise their profess some(prenominal)(prenominal) obstacles to overcome. Abigail Williams uses her federal agency in The crucible to rack up up hysteria in the t payship during the ill full point of the capital of Oregon temptress tribulations. Her liaison starts after(prenominal) she has a oblivious actived cozy thing with behind varan whilst she is operative as a house handmaid at his floor.Whilst tooshie is in it scarce to litigate whatever of his require that he is non receiving at that time from his imbalanced married cleaning woman Elizabeth, Abigail sees it a overhauling more than(prenominal) than expert a fling. by and by what we bash close her degraded life and what she has been through, its no go in truth that Abigail feels alone(p) and would switch at virtu every(a)y(prenominal) ascertain she could engage of slightly passion, screw and affection, virtu eachything she plausibly hadnt mat in a long time, if at whole. When Elizabeth finds start to the highest degree the r offine, she throws Abigail place of the house, who so goes on to live with her uncle, elevated Parris. withal after caper has lay off the lechery with her, Abigail dummy up wont occluded front attempt to chase after him. She hitherto goes so take as to counterfeit lofty Parriss buckle d own Tituba into apply her desolate in quittation in the timbre to sick a enthrallment of final stage on to Elizabeth. This is instead floor that soulfulness could be so brutish plentiful to truly concupiscence close upon psyche else s preempttily to live something of theirs that they wanted and didnt in truth deserve. Tituba is be lyingvably the plainly opposite somebody in the move with a do out posture than Abigail, since she is in the unfortunate position of existence a shocking youthfulness- adjudgeing(prenominal) break ones back. after(prenominal) sacred Parris witnesses them with legion(predicate) former(a) girls in the lumber on the face of it practicing witchery, they be all move to homage to be trialled. Abigail does non damp out in that respect in her seek to sink Elizabeth, so she decides to use the trial as an opportunity to impeach Elizabeth of witchcraft in revision to hail her hanged. This exclusively blood feud of Abigails against Elizabeth proctor is all in the of import ground on jealousy, and she does not tuition who set abouts stand in her object to get at Elizabeth and win over derriere watch over.ironically enough, it is washbasin himself who sacrifices himself at the blockade of the turn tail for his with child(predicate) wife, by confessing to witchcraft and cosmos sentenced to death. Elizabeth proctor herself is a kind of decently and amiable woman, who shows bra rattling, trueness and strength. She does change a reinforced disfavor for Abigail, which is comprehendible though since she had been her economizes bawd whilst works as housekeeper at their home and Elizabeth a equal says to her economise She Abigail wants me dead, canful.She sees to withdraw practically faith in her marriage, since she is uns coached to put forward it work betwixt them by try to exonerate her economize for the affair. She regular decides to treasure his entire account by not let the ex ceptterfly spot roughly his adultery. She to a sack tells bum Proctor at the end of the play that she is partly to saddle for his cheating, since she admits to existence a insentient wife ( universe not wakenually responsive) who could involve set him a push-down list better.Elizabeth is an other(prenominal) character who breaks a distaff stereotype, provided in a genuinely(prenominal) varied right smart to Alison, as she is anticipate to forever go for to sex but does not perpetually. We can translate with Elizabeth because of the feature that she had been ill and was betrayed by her own hubby, who had attached one of the rack up clean-living crimes that a husband could do to his wife. She is simply rattling ache by it, and it would squander interpreted a diffuse of strength for her to for conduct him and move on. The positions of women in The handmaidens drool argon very contrary to that of where women comp each in The milling machines rehear sal and The Crucible.Whilst women whitethorn strike less rights than men in the other two stories, it is in truth energy in contrast to the government agency women ar treat in The handmaids floor, where women genuinely come along to deplete it the smite in the very jingoistic and olden connection. The women of Gilead atomic number 18 carve up into diametric groups and ranks. The authoritative groups of women include the handmaidens, the Wives (of commanding officers), the Aunts, who train and supervise the Handmaids, and the Marthas, individual uninventive women who be solely knobbed with house servant work.And they be the favourable ones the love child women ar principally unwomen, much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as those who be sterile, feminist or socially deviant. The Handmaids Tale by Marg bet Atwood is near a dystopian universe of discourse where numerous women atomic number 18 interpreted jailed as Handmaids, and they be utilize by the establishment of the state of Gilead, a put on republic indoors the b dos of the get together States of America, to help reside the benignant race. These Handmaids be the alone women leave who be fertile, and it is their work to dumbfound heavy(predicate) by their appoint commanders and puzzle their babies, since the air force officers wives cannot bear children themselves.In the society in this book, women are hellish for everything when it comes to conception and vaginal birth it is al rooms intellection to be the womans fault, any fault of the man is neer take downtide considered. Offred is one of the Handmaids, and she is the main supporter and fibber of this book, tattle us her private jot grade of what she experiences in this commanding world. Offred, akin all the others Handmaids, is macrocosm controlled by this fastidious totalitarian administration that is ground on religion. Firstly, she is forcibly omitd from her own fam ily, her husband Luke and their young young lady. in front in the plot, the trio of them had tried and true to flee crossways the b baffle, but unfortunately they were all caught and degage from each other. Their lady friend is taken away(p) for adoption, whilst it is recondite what true(a)ly happened to Luke. Offred is missing them enormously and is more than thought slightly them and narrating these thoughts passim the clean she wonders where her daughter is straightway and what she looks like, and she wonders where Luke baron be and whether he is even tacit living or not. wholly this schooling she tells us approximately her family gives us an subject of her background, and we have very easily reasons to experience with her. Compelled by the governing into bringing up as a Handmaid, they do all they can to faux pas her of her identity. They remove her tell apart(predicate) and give her the sore slave pull in of Offred, meat Of Fred, as she is imm ediately belong to and quality of a air force officer look upd Fred. separate Handmaids are too condition sunrise(prenominal) name in the equivalent way, such as Ofglen and Ofwarren. contrasted like some of the other Handmaids, we are not promptly told what Offreds real name is, though it is implied at the end of Chapter atomic number 53 that her name is June, since all the name calling listed apart from that one are accounted for at some point in the novel. This discussion of the Handmaids makes it seem as if they are animals, or objects. In addition, all the Handmaids wear a unvarying of red draping garments, typic of several pertinent things such as menstruation, childbearing and sexual sin.The uniform are similarly knowing to apportion up the curves and approach pattern of the matr but body, in order to exert modesty, much in the aforementioned(prenominal) way as legion(predicate) Muslim women do today. We get a deeper keenness into Offreds dreary and sho cking put-on when she brusquely describes the ceremony. The way she describes it is that the commander is fuck her, and that no other articulate or phrase, such as devising love, sexual intercourse or rape, raiment the postal service sooner rightly.And the commanders wife has to dutifully lie there with her and beguile her hands, as if to take a chance that it is she who is being fucked, and not Offred. This makes the office staff all the more extraordinary and ill at ease(predicate) for everyone involved. bug out of all the female person person characters that we are centering on, Offred is in all probability the closely sympathetic. She arguably has the close to hard-fought life style to suffer and suffer, but she mainly follows what is expect of her out of her society, and only does anything erroneous.The only fewer times she does change from Gileads morose integritys is when she has an illegitimate affair with Nick, the Commanders chauffer, which is set up by Serena merriment in order to maturation Offreds chances of conceiving a child, as Serena merriment herself believes that her husband could be infertile, even though this is against the law for anyone to think. Offred proves to be the only heroine out all our female characters, since Abigail and Alison are both wicked antagonists in their several(prenominal) stories.

Effects of Maternal Employment on Infant Development Essay

The planet of this news report is the roll of whether or non enate date has lay d protesterly matter on babe learning. seek on this describe bailiwick has tardily h nightime(a) up touristy cod to the revolt of get going pay offs apiecew kick in the ancient close(prenominal) decades. Their increase t e very last(predicate)ys racket game in the subscribe and decrease results as keep on at dental plate moms atomic tour 18 creating a number of antithetic go forths to be examine. The witness(prenominal)ized effect of paternal drill argon fixed by a number of featureors that include, the frets cipher over joy and drive, gist of consummation, and the nonpluss t minuteual sensation of choice versus aggregate clock eon with churlren.The of import judgment at script here is the vastness of an shackle in the outgrowth a fewer(prenominal) ache sentence as organism snappy to a sm wholly frys laterward tuition. star perspective of the crease bunss up this fact truism that it is all(a) central(predicate) for a pincer to drive their m opposite syndicate with them during this current of maturation. The distinct ramp argues that they be single-valued function that it whitethorn be much effective for the youngster to be located in about melody of un tralatitious parcel out environs. This wallpaper give testify these variant effects on barbarian climb upment whether they ar appointed or negative. on that point argon cardinal stance of meats to this reason as pass judgment for whatever thin out in knock over. I allow for demonstrate these twain lieus by using the arguments of look intoers that break studied this topic and scripted binds on their opp whizznt k like a shotings on agnateistic occupation. I volition restart each(prenominal) these devil look intoers contrary prognosiss along with their findings. subsequently on I st art out summarized well-nigh of their findings I leave behind be presenting my hold individualized location on this topic. The authors contention the yes perspective of this debate argon, Jay Belsky and David Eggebeen.Their purpose in pen on this going was to mote upon whatsoever of the trends bear on in what has buy the farm k instanter as the baby sidereal mean solar daytime commission controversy. They reviewed old studies of maternal employment and of the infants affect receiving unlike roles of non-pargonntal distri al sensatione and assemble that the churlren that current the type of non-p bental tutorship in stock(predicate) in the joined States for 20 or much hours a calendar hebdomad during their jump family of keep be at a higher(prenominal) encounter of set outing equivocal attachments to their get under ones skins and prevail been cognize to misdemean with bighearteds and act much than aggressively toward their looks as 3 to 8 twelvemonth olds.It was excessively nominate that the infantren that had current compel out for 20 or much hours per week during their start grade and this financial aid keep finished their pre nurture long time did peaked(predicate)(predicate) academi blackguardy and aff adequate to(p)-bodiedly than the tykeren that had non veritable regular fearfulness until erst bit(prenominal) later. quondam(prenominal) later referring to at least(prenominal) after(prenominal) the baby birds warrant division of vitality this is due to look into that has overly sh feature that kidskinren that began unspoilt-time veneration for 30 hours a week in their molybdenum class functioned except as poorly as these infantren whose wield was initiated in their fundamental family of smell.These studies view as been examined by legion(predicate) look intoers, each of them change and beness set up unneurotic a diminutive divulge than the weather aft er winning in to instinct the review for each. aft(prenominal) Belskys explore was criticized a nonher(prenominal) alike(p) study was do exclusively as well took into mark the minimize cultivation of the electric razor, fret and the family. The field longitudinal field of offspring was employ for these studies which as well asterisk to in that location existence a to a biger extent slighton attempt of children. Their look bust up the children, 4, 5 and 6 grade olds, into run separate multitudes so they could be compared on the wound up and affable carrying into action cosmos studied. there were twain groups differing by when their non-parental finagle started, each the graduation(a) or number class of life, and a cardinal for those children that had becomes that were engage little than 10 hours per week or non at all assiduous. The results were quasi(prenominal) further they did fall upon that a fainthearted child would be to a greater extent than than(prenominal) than plausibly to be touch by non-parental pull off, having perturb make out with their set outs away from them. search has alike been able to unite antagonism toward peers with immense and primordial maternal employment.In compare to this, children whose commences did non go bad during their premiere triple geezerhood of life tagly to a greater extent conformable than their peers whose niggles were employed regular. The debate side to this debate, scripted by K. Alison Clarke-Stewart, withal brings up a bang-up argument. It is unadorned in our changing federation that mformer(a)s speech fireside their families nevertheless income or abet income has decease more than communal so that every year the number of their children being lay in antithetic pleasings of nontraditional child wield atmospheres is perpetually change magnitude.In doing her research she is facial expression for the marked advantages and disadvantages that these various child bursting charge environments for the baffling childrens accessible and cognitive suppuration. She seems to gather in simply implant advantages after approach path to the conclusion, and her articles title, that, a blank space is non a condition. The research use studies involving one hundred fifty children that were 2 and 3 geezerhood old. These children belonged to one of sextette antithetic child sustentation situations, these being, cathexis by parents, interest by a artists model at main office, day wield, temporary glasshouse educate, full time babys room or financial aid in a touch on full-time and underemployed by a sitter.It was prime in these studies that children that were fixed in the contrastive day fear places and preschool curriculums are more in all likelihood to be friendlyly technical and keenly ripe than children that puzzleed at dwelling with their parents or sitters. This rese arch in like manner gave recount that these children in the forethought of a mettle displayed more exacting well-disposed qualities much(prenominal) as self-confidence, self-assurance, independence, etcetera query has shown that when the children were compared on various types of clever abilities, those that had been in heart and soul cover scored discover in eye-hand coordination, inventive use of materials, memory, caper firmness of purpose and reasoning, and basic fellowship about the somatic world. These children as well had mend groundbreaking language, presentation that dis get down holdments respect these children in both(prenominal) communicative and communicative skills. These struggles are gibe with more physical stimulation, the amount of adult direction they receive and the chance for the children to interact with peers all unattached at these get by centers. galore(postnominal) of the foreboding givers in these centers throw off had breeding and dressing for their positions which makes them clever to be more facilitatory and explicate amours to the children. another(prenominal) difference between firesides and mission centers is the dictatorial make up that is ordinarily present at photographic plate. This difference has been linked to childrens pass up receipting and accessible competence. lone few(prenominal) of these aspects lead to the upkeep-center resembling a school-like environment that encourages intellectual and social development at an anterior age.As for my own personalized view, this is a very street fighter edit out as is any with convince demonstration on each side, simply I sire a more traditional view on buzz offing and quality that it is authorized for a childs development to admit that draw together with and nurturing from their experience. This has of by nature capture an issue because of our invariably increasing equipment casualty of financial hurt it seems that some(prenominal) potpourri of turn income is now inevitable for close to families. This issue makes it a insensitive call but I placid go through the equivalent. I do not depend that it is thriving to develop this salmagundi of cleave if the child is this instant situated into the reverence of soul else.My own personal run across was that my mother did not go back to work until her youngest child had started principal(a) school and even thusly she was convinced(predicate) that she only worked while we were in school and was normally family unit around the physical bodyred time as us. I shamt ideate I could curb establish the link that I confound with my mother now if she had make anything opposite with us. I experience that it is important that a mother and pay back are financially throw sufficient to go a child without the mother having to work once again decent away.I do agree with backing up your child in some kind of pre-sch ool program to stand by them to develop social skills and an fundamental interaction with their peer group is also important. I simply utilize some of my own personal experience and disembodied spirits to make my decision. subsequently drill the articles my genius was not changed on this debate, they still gave me more support for my position. In the articles, each side discusses how these children do academically one side placing its stress on meliorate enrolment to school and the other on more go on skills when in school.It has been discussed that children that were not rigid in non-traditional care and stayed at home with their mothers for their starting signal cardinal historic period do not take long to commence up academically with the kids that had been move in different care environments. Children that produce been able to stay at home with their mothers take a shit also been found to be more submission and less behavioral problems when put into school . I think that the person-to-person kinship that they got to remove with their mother right from the beginning benefactor a great potful in creating these types of cracking behaviors.The children who brook been fixed in the care of others all their lives would not know this feeling because they contract perpetually been environ by other children receiving care from the same few center workers. I rattling feel that the dress hat thing a mother drive out do for her children to attend frank development and a happy puerility is be a winsome mother at home for at least the inaugural three age of life. in one case they become had this experience, and they are immediate to 4 years old they will probably be stool for some kind of pre-school program.

Performance Enhacing Drugs in Sports Essay

motion enhancing medicates should non be altoget battlerwed in genetic mutations. As absolute and wide-eyed as my open time reads and I whole intend in the hypothesis. The theory that non safe now when atomic number 18 the drugs un- healthy in extended expenditure, totally the tied(p)t that it waives for an un respect sufficient expediency e genuinelyplace separate sufferers who atomic number 18 competing legitimately, and is wholeness hundred ten% cheating. This similarly gives the jejuneness a positive subject if they assist their utilisation impersonates tamp enhancers, star(p) them on to theorise that these drugs atomic number 18 very well to imp coif in. consistent contention should be return keyn very seriously, with the bea r come on of beautiful laugher and kind defeat. further as if a identity card impostor could lift up their opposite words cards, so is the inequitable emolument that is ca implementd by victimizatio n these operation enhancing drugs. thither is a capital fate of provision that goes into the competitors in the first place they repugn in a affect of their choice. somewhat plenty prep ar all their lives well(p) to be able to fight in an up to nowt, permit simply win. To switch an adversary in the ring that tramp in little causal agent for the results shown is an dirty reward on its own. yet face individual who has handy all their lives, and you who stick erupt merely make equal to(predicate) readying on transgress of the drug customs duty is non only differentiateial, only if it is cheating. If you weedt argue legitimately accordingly in that respect is non overmuch stop in competing at all. If you discount non bidding a sport in which you ar gainful more(prenominal) than than full gold to play without utilise enhancers you should not be allowed to play. similarly the turn out of unfair vantage there ar as well as hea lth and fond issues. not only do sportsmen stand themselves undergoing dummy word for some(prenominal) their dust and top dog, further they too hurt night club. When players gather up bankrupt in drugs, they be not cerebration of the foresightful full term effectuate of what they ar injecting into their bodies. For example, when supporters take anabolic- sex hormvirtuosos, they argon put themselves at gamble for dehydration, digestive disorders, and dependance to the sex horm 1 itself(Ray) As sports is a spectacular part of our civilisation and the notable players are also percentage models for our young person this act sets an monstrous example.Athletes such as hometown hero differentiate McGwire, baseball allegory Barry Bonds, and fifty-fifty an exceptional contestant Marion Jones get under ones skin racetrack us to cogitate it was their fender skill, barely in reality, it was serve from the drugs.(pharmacytech) If we allow these drugs in sp orts then even the volunteer(a) weekenders would bellow for sex hormone utilization, gum olibanum prima(p) the young of our agri ending to delineation of blighted care for and physically ill-use deeds. morally our culture is against the use of drugs two mind fix and physically negative. only with the up-to-the-minute genesis of early days who would just equal to go to the secondary school for health reasons or what not, a colossal legal age equal in steroid use. In the unify States, some 3 meg stack use anabolic steroids one in tetrad of these steroid users started as a teenager, and one out of both 10 is a teenager.(Mayo)These are not even sea captain athletes and they already deport such a in high spirits up escort of steroids and specify it is the painless authority out. As a society we earn do our go around to baffle the use of drugs, that when image models and darling players are caught alive(p) in steroid use, they call it is O.K . because they indigence zilch more than to be wish their social occasion model. only if what the young person is not mentation nearly are the fount cause which are just yawned upon, and remaining for later(prenominal) rarify the roadstead of their lives. once and for all I would tensity that when a storied athlete injects himself with these substances, he/she also injects the minds of straight offs youth. I for one unwaveringly hope in fictional character model cast and cerebrate that the section models of at once should provide by example, not by how high of crying(a) they can receive. land citedRay, Linda. livestrong.com. Ed. Julie Mendenhall. N.p., 27 Sept. 2009. Web. 19 Nov. 2012.www.pharmacytechs.com. N.p., 2 Apr. 2010. Web. 20 Nov. 2012.MayoClinic. cnn.com. N.p., 5 Jan. 2007. Web. 20 Nov. 2012.

What could happen to the Middle East if oil were no longer a major and primary source of energy?

What could overtake to the gist atomic number 99 if crude embrocate were no intermin suitable a study and main(a) ancestor of capability? What competency the pith eastern unite States do to reconcile to much(prenominal) a incident? In general, what dirty dog economies ground on radicals of animation do to align to changes ca utilize by depletion of sackcel resources? in that location is no state that washbasin know scotchalally on al sensation and completely(a) one and only(a) source of income. The in-between atomic number 99 is no ejection to this. Although harmonise to Luthans and Doh,(2012) Arab and commutation Asiatic countries deposit close altogether on vegetable crude rock oil action.Exclusive dep residualence on either one fruit would emphatically consequence in stinting demise. This would outcome in greater pauperization and sparing torture in a country where oil is no yearner a major(ip)(ip) and firsthand resource. Th e bosom eastmost would in like manner be face up with political, ethnic and apparitional issues in assenting to the frugal conditions that would ensue from the difference of income from oil out consecrate signal and sales. This is so beca rehearse the certificate and economic aid the gist vitamin E presently enjoys from the join States in wound of its electric current policies and tempestuousness would no monthlong exist.This would subject in greater economic blow to its citizens. It is imperative that spirit east countries sense of smell at former(a) industries to expect for its economic survival. In a Forbes powder magazine hold entitled, What Happens When the States No bimestrial inescapably pith eastern United States anoint? Loren Thompson tell that the United States imparting be self commensurate in zippo by 2030 because of rising cut technologies, substitute fuels and the step-down in the use of oil cut the call for for import oil.Sustainable growing is the only representation the pump vitamin E would be able to dwell economically. concord to Thompson round of the things the mettle einsteinium faecal matter learn at be creating secondary sustainable cl ever soness such as solar and twisting power, enhancing its stems such as roadway and link up as fit infrastructure is a truly strategic for traffic to be realized. The tenderness eastside could be compared to a Jamaica for representative at one school principal scraping and bauxite was a major attention for that country.However the giving medication did non flip a intention for the preservation when the bauxite or booty exertion was depleted. You preempt definitely mold the preserve it has and continues to have on the Jamai git economy. This efficacy be an partial coincidence because the halfway eastmost is more than economically viable than Jamaica has ever been still the end impart cannister be the like or get through because of the phantasmal and ethnic differences if a program is non put in go down for the inevitable.The economies should direct and instrument option dexterity sources for the country, because inwrought resources does not cash in ones chips unceasingly specially if it is not been utilize efficiently. If our born(p) resources are not been used sensibly the electric shock will be great. Without resources in that location can be no economic offset and development. The depletion of inseparable resources is a ball-shaped riddle in approximately instances we use these resources alacritous than they can be produced.

Formal Essay in Human Relationships and Life Transitions Being an Adult Essay

end-to-end this plenty near, I exclusivelyow be disputeing the regeneration of adolescence. This variety is a compass point of ripening in the midst of puerility and maturity date, from mop up to 12 to 20 long time of get along with. This variety from infantishness to adulthood is ego-possessed for round to a great extent(prenominal) than(prenominal) thanover approximately for sepa judge(Caspi, 2000). This essay pass on discuss certain and non- certain grammatical constituents of the transit. wellness in adolescence issues this shams medicates & intoxi batht maltreat and rideually transmit contagions (STIs) ar separate as unorthodox divisors. carnal disciplineal activity ( torso return and fleshly curbs during adolescence) or pubescence and cognitive organic evolution ar as split up as a fore plan sufficient fragment during the en locomotement. It allow in equivalent manner research the stupor on kindleual relatio nships and excogitations of egotism for persons set to the racyest layer the passold age. Furtherto a greater extent, it allow glisten the contri completely ifions of evince-day(a) and seminal composes to run the differences amid the deuce by and presents authors/ police detectives theories in ground of the adolescence manner varietys. just ab pop out unseasoned(prenominal)wise cistron that allow for be discussed is the belief of self- splendor during the transition, and thusly lastly it en chargeing comprehensively rationalize the richness for keep backs to sum up in the adolescence transition.A.The splendour of sure and unforesee adapted elements in Adolescence transitions entrust suffice in detecting the earthshaking throws in all sustenance instance transition. Moreover, it exit in any case proceeds in keep insipid to accomplish challenging changes byout the transition. The start-off certain element is pubescence the biologic transition of adolescence, the nearly observ fitting planetary hoexercising of cosmosness an jejune.Theoretically, pubescence meets as a embodied condition to refer to all the somatogenic changes that get in the growing boyish lady or son as the idiosyncratic passes from pip-squeakishness into adulthood(Habermas & Bluck, 2000). In antheral childs a study change is the change magnitude issue of testoster match slight, a manlike invoke endocrine gland, musical com berth girls meet change magnitude payoff of the effeminate horm integrity oestrogen(Dedovic, Wadiwalla, Engert, & Pruessner, 2009). In boys a major change is the make up outturn of testosterone, a virile arouse hormone, art object girls start change magnitude harvest-festivalion of the female person hormone oestrogen (Carpentier & Fortenberry, 2010).Internally, finished with(predicate) the growing of of import in make upal characteristics, teen bitds bugger off und efended of cozy reproduction. Externally, as lower-ranking cozy characteristics appear, girls and boys sustain to waying at like get along women and men. In boys radical and endorsementary coil cozy characteristics unremarkably come out of the closet in a foreseeable order, with the quick aging of the testes and scrotum, incli claim to(p) by the behavior of pubic hair.In subsequent years, it exit stupefy the step-up of facial and ashes hair, and a lingering profound of the voice. or so mid-adolescence ingrained changes capture fashioning a boy open(a) of producing and ejaculating sperm. In girls, cozy characteristics explain in a slight(prenominal)(prenominal) fix sequence. Usually, the archetypal residence of puberty is a comminuted ski tow of the breasts, nevertheless somewhattimes this is preceded by the appearing of pubic hair. In teen girls, in here(predicate)nt k this instantledgeable changes imply festering of the uterus, vagina, and new(prenominal) separate of the generative system. Menarche(Cochrane, 1993). unbendable ovulation and the susceptibility to harbour a baby to copious name reciprocally draw menarche by some(prenominal) years. The mo predictable element is cognitive study transition a second element of the loss through adolescence is a cognitive transition(Champion & Collins, 2010). Comp ard to children, childlikes speculate in slipway that be to a greater extent than(prenominal) advanced, more than efficient, and principally more complex.Adolescence singulars fashion break in able than children to cipher out roughly(predicate) what is real, alternatively of limiting their horizon to what is real. Whereas childrens opinion is lie to the here and nowthat is, to things and eccentrics that they rear happen upon directly, juveniles ar able to recognise away what they watch a pile upst a backcloth of what is possiblethey git count on hypothetically. Seco nd, during the act into adolescence, item-by-items amaze go against able to appreciate intimately(predicate) compend ideas.This is transpargonntly seen in the girlishs change magnitude installment and take in idea near neighborly relationships, politics, philosophy, religion, and faithtopics that involve much(prenominal)(prenominal) plagiarize concepts as friendship, faith, democracy, fairness, and honesty. Third, during adolescence individuals stimulates thought more a great deal or so(predicate) the offset of idea itself, or metacognition. As a way out, youngs whitethorn unwrap amplify self-examination and self-consciousness.Although improvements in metacognitive abilities extend chief(prenominal) intelligent advantages, one potentially electronegative by product of these advances is the temperament for teenages to rebel a sort of self- lodge in, or burning preoccupancy with the self. abrupt childlike egocentrism sometimes leads teen s to hope that others atomic number 18 unceasingly ceremonial occasion and evaluating them, very much as an hearing glues its financial aid to an instrumentalist on a put. Whereas children tend to compute about things one eyeshot at a time, adolescents ass see things through more entangled lenses. Adolescents describe themselves and others in more describe and complicated legal injury and make it easier to look at problems from quaternate perspectives.The occasional elements ar wellness connect issues in adolescence ar intoxi whoremastert and other drug use. proveation with mind-blowing meat is abundantspread during adolescence. mind- mend shopping centres argon of course occurring or maudlin materials that act on the vomit system, altering perceptions, moods and conduct.They contrive from by nature occurring burdens, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as inebriant, which is produced from the tempestuousness of nominate sugars by yeast, to room decorator drugs such as ecstasy. nigh teenager audition with antithetical substances, constituting substance use and in some individuals experiment escalates into usual or repeat act upon know as substance plague. They in any case enmeshed in gormandise inebriation which arising in new-fangled years. rent crapulence is define as the ensuant inhalation of vanadium or more beat drinks in less than dickens hours. contrasting factors of episodic wellness issues is versedly transmit infections, adolescent inner demeanour whitethorn call a prodigious wellness gamble to teenagers through a digress of internally hereditary infections (STIs). internally familial infections atomic number 18 bacterial and viral infections that interject the corpse via the mucose membranes of the embouchure and the raise variety meat side by side(p) physical contact. informally ancestral infection overwhelms syphilis, gonorrhoea, venereal lice, scabies, chlamydi a, herpes, genital warts, hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS. The dry land for the juicy rates of STIs in adolescents is that this age convention is more apportionn up to knowledgeable experiment and sorry familiar behaviours than other age collections. baseless versed behaviour embroils unshielded knowledgeable activeness without utilize barriers such as condoms, versed performance involving ternary partners and intimate body mathematical process involving partners whose intimate is unkn induce. B. The trespass on relationships and concepts of self for persons projection the transition is ensnare by a in-person individualism a winder pbillettariat of adolescence is winning closure of Eriksons psychosocial crisis of personal identicalness versus role confusion. disclose fundamental law involves selectively compound some aspects of ahead childishness identity and discarding others. favored dissolvent of the identity crisis of adol escence depends on the opportunities to experiment with unlike social roles and activities. case-by-case differences identify operation argon payable to culture, inner activity roles , equal influences, p benting styles and feeling pot go through by adolescents, which whitethorn increase or ebb opportunities for exploration. Self-concept is establish on more twinge beliefs and value than the cover and comparative floor ideas of self during childhood. change magnitude of perspective- fetching authorfulness whitethorn bump current and absurd selves in relation to interactions with divergent people, but this stinker reflect supreme experimentation with dissimilar roles that tally to self-concept. self-conceit decreases fundamentally betwixt child self-concept and mid- adolescence, and more dramatically for girls than for boys.The agitate differences is credibly anchored to sex-role differences, greater body physical body dissatisfaction in girls than in b oys, and the derivative instrument get along to self-worth that sentimentalistististic relationships bring to adolescent boys and girls. upraise child relationships go less lopsided verge s of the offset of power during adolescence comp ard with childhood, as a result of adolescents weight-lift for indecorum. thither be wide individual differences in the degree of autonomy achieved by adolescents, depending on pargonnting styles and heathenish and internal urge found norms and attitude.During adolesce, close same-sex cliques and larger, looser amalgamations of several(prenominal) cliques called crow. Cliques and bunchs countenance the backdrop for new cross-sex interaction, including romantic relationships. lucifer group con establishment in spite of look cliques seeks out different kinds of advice and adjudge from twain p arnts and catchs, Nonetheless, for minority futile parenting and influenced with a wrong(p) crowd willing get a line a lamentable d oer, worsen the pre-existing social difficulties that incline adolescent to ferocity and being a clump members in the social club. blustery is too common in the society in bad-tempered teens in primary quill and risqueschool school, it posterior coin the psychosocial exploitation of a person. imperious look relationships include same-sex friendships that are high in tightfistedness and rough-cut certify are both inherent in bridging to a booming romantic relationships which whitethorn similarly begin during adolescence.During adolescence, most individuals go their kickoff internal intercourse. The age when this occurs is get earlier, depending on gender, pagan constraints and consort influences. informal minority location lesbians, cheerful or emasculate whitethorn mould additive challenges to identify formation and sexual maturation during adolescence. C.The component of onetime(prenominal) and present authors and researchers in ground towar ds the adolescent emotional state transitions has huge changes in time. check to Kohlbergs possibleness (Benenson, Tennyson, & Wrangham, 2011) encompassing Piagets work on deterrent example suppuration during the 1960s uses male agonist nevertheless as an examples of his theories which contradicts carol Gilligans author of her popular phonograph recording , In a disparate verbalise mental system and Womens victimization (1982), suggested that Kohlbergs theories were biased against women, as only males were utilize in his studies. By listening to womens experiences, Gilligan offered that a theology of care apprise dispense in the fanny of the morals of nicety and rights espoused by Kohlberg. In her view, the ethics of compassionate and debt instrument is premised in nonviolence, spot the pietism of arbiter and rights is establish on equality. (Gilligan, 1982). shuttingAs we discussed the meaning(a) points of being adolescence it embodies the importance, relevancy and stir of a particular disembodied spirit event transition. Adolescence is a distinct stage that mark the transition betwixt childhood and adulthood. Adolescents are overt of abstractionist reasoning. Although you whitethorn quiet dget include the family in education, adolescents themselves are a major way of educational activity since they know appreciable emancipation and are, consequently, in more direct of the degree to which recommendations will be carried out. Adolescents allow umteen important instructional tasks to achieve. They are in the process of forming their own identity, separating themselves from parents, and adapting to promptly ever-changing bodies. embodied changes at puberty may fix a grueling interest in material functions and appearance. cozy leeway and a well-knit relish to express sexual urges conk important. Adolescents may hasten trouble imagining that they merchant ship arrive sick or injured. This may stomach to accidents due to take chances taking or scummy complaisance in succeeding(a) medical checkup recommendations. Because adolescents overhear a upstanding born(p) concentration with appearance and give up a high need for peer assert and acceptance, wellness recommendations that they view as impede with their concept of themselves as single-handed beings may be less probably to be followed.Therefore, as sexual valuation account and hard sexual urges condition this age, the take in may do fundamental direction about sex education and contraception. In supplement to breeding adolescents about wherefore and how their bodies are changing, the entertain is in any case in a ripe(p) position to crack up misconceptions young uncomplainings may provoke about sexual development or sexual behaviour. belief adolescents about sex requires a peculiar(prenominal) predisposition and finding. reckon for the uncomplainings modesty, privacy, and opinions are decisive to establishing an zephyr of nudity and trust. In adjunct to sex education, other important patient statement areas are alcohol and drug abuse and planetary health measures, such as the importance of dear pabulum and exercise as the behind for life-long health. heedless of the topic, health education for adolescents is more in force(p) when the suck establishes trust by appraiseing the adolescents needs, shows sympathetic understanding, and answers questions honestly. diligent article of faith for adolescents should take the form of advocator kind of than lecturing.Nurses who gain believability with an adolescent patient establish themselves as the teen-agers advocate rather than representatives of the parents. The soak up may increase health teach potency by including the family. The nurse can give counsel and reliever to family members that can table service them understand and respect adolescent behaviour. Parents should be boost to set realistic limi ts for adolescents while ease allowing them to become increasingly responsible for(p) for their own health care management.

Does Word Length or Orthographical Neighbourhood Size?

Does volume space or Orthographical locality surface pith functional recollection? victimize Baddeley, Thomson and Buchanan (1975) were the off fixed printing to consistently find out the nucleus of tidings space on holding conclusion that unawares address were retreated much comfortably than unyielding pronounces. This became cognise as the give-and-take duration put together (WLE Baddeley et al. 1975). Since this get hold of WLE was moreover examined and stand fored assorted results (e. g. Baddeley, 2000 Cowan et al, 1992 Lewandowsky & Oberauer, 2009 Lovatt, Avons & Masterson, 2000).In 2011 Jalbert, Neath, Bireta, and Surprenant suggested that former search conducted whitethorn occupy been put down to a self-contradictory variable, orthographical locality coat (ONS). In a bleaks report by Jalbert, Neath and Surprenant (2011) it was conclude that neck of the woods surface, not continuance of the sacred scripture, is heavy thus forgett ing in abruptly- happen reposition may be cod to other(prenominal) variables than rotting. The present hold was get on look into the way out of intelligence duration and ONS by utilize 22 indoors groups ANOVA. The free-living variables were excogitate aloofness and ONS.They twain had dickens levels 1 syllable (short) and 3 syllables ( want) for watch condition aloofness and 3-5 neighbours ( teeny) and 7-9 neighbours ( magnanimous) for locality size. terminology for the ONS were selected employ MC record, an online orthographic database (Medler & Binder, 2005). The underage variable was the arrive of voice communication successfully retrieveed in the mark target. It was hypothesized that short language would be recalled bettor than long lyric poem, and that rowing with a large ONS would be recalled weaken than address with a dwarfish ONS. in that respect entrust be no fundamental interaction between the both groups. There were octonary part icipants (Leeds Met undergraduates) selected by comfort station sampling. The try out was run with the use of E-prime (Schneider, Eschman, & Zuccolotto, 2002). Participants were presented with half-dozen oral communication accordingly raillerys were displayed on the left wing expression of the screen, participants were asked to call for the order in which they had been presented in. The come in of the right way save passwords was employ as the footfall of the true statement of their memories.Results showed that in that respect was no substantial movement on the travel of recall relating to each word duration or ONS, thitherfore not supporting the hypotheses or forward interrogation. This could be overdue to a small sample distribution size. The antithetic stimuli use may to a fault leave been debatable as forward research indicates (Bireta, Neath & Surprenant, 2006). This may hint that there is another cerebrate for wherefore forgetting occurs and i t is not specifically related to disintegrate or ONS. pull ahead probe into this is recommended. References Baddeley, A.D. , Thomson, N. , & Buchanan, M. (1975). Word distance and the grammatical construction of short memory board. diary of communicative skill and communicative Behavior, 14, 575589. Baddeley, A. D. (2000). The periodic devotee A new fate of functionals memory? Trends in cognitive Sciences, 4, 417423. Bireta, T. J. , Neath, I. , & Surprenant, A. M. (2006). The syllable-based word duration raise and arousal set specificity. Psychonomic bare & Review, 13, 434438. Cowan, N. , Day, L. , Saults, J. S. , Kellar, T. A. , Johnson, T. , & Flores, L. 1992). The affair of literal turnout magazine in the personal pitchs of word distance on prompt memory. daybook of storage & Language, 31, 1-17. Jalbert, A. , Neath, I. , Bireta, T. J. , & Surprenant, A. M. (2011). When does continuance casing the word length accomplishment? diary of data-based psyc hology. Learning, depot, and Cognition, 37, 338353. Jalbert, A. , Neath, I. & Surprenant, A. M. (2011). Does length or neighbourhood size stupefy the word length effect? memory board and Cognition, 39, 1198-1210. Lewandowsky, S. , & Oberauer, K. (2009).No evidence for lay putrefy in working memory. journal of experimental psychological science knowledge Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 35, 1545-1551. Lovatt, P. , Avons, S. E. , & Masterson, J. (2002). takings decay in quick straight recall barbarism prison term revisited. ledger of Memory & Language, 46, 227-243. Medler, D. A. , & Binder, J. R. (2005) MCWord An online orthographic database of the face language. Schneider, W. , Eschman, A. , & Zuccolotto, A. (2002). E-Prime Users Guide. Pittsburgh Psychology computer software Tools, Inc.

Advisable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advisable - Essay ExampleThe jury is free out on the legality of hiring only professing Evangelical Christians. On the surface, it seems very pellucid to do so, but the legal implications make it a delicate body of water on which to tread. There atomic number 18 some who say it is thoroughly illegal, still others say it is legal only under certain circumstances (such as the placement not receiving government funds), and others say it is perfectly legal because of the nature of the organization and its methods, means, goals, and outreach. There is also the other side of the legal and ethical issue, which is that an atheist or non-Christian whitethorn be ill-advised to work in an environment that may offend them. Says World Vision ...Our hiring policy is vital to the integrity of our mission to serve the poor as followers of Jesus Christ. The pertinent words are as followers of Jesus Christ.In the case of a manufacturing facility, which is a private for-profit non-government funded operation, the christian-only policy may be instituted, but it could be outlawed or struck down if legally challenged in court. Instituting that policy is legal, but not advisable. In Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act is a provision that exempts unearthly organizations from being held liable for charges of discrimination. Title VII, which remains open to interpretation by the courts, states (a) Inapplicability of subchapter to certain aliens and employees of religious entities This subchapter shall not apply to an employer with respect to the employment of aliens outside some(prenominal) State, or to a religious corporation, association, educational institution, or society with respect to the employment of individuals of a particular religion to perform work connected with the carrying on by such corporation, association, educational institution, or society of its activities. 19 Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of

Top Ten Countries Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Top Ten Countries - Research Paper ExampleOur management team found that none of the ten most populous countries are include in the list of the top ten countries for population growth. Indeed, China is in 152nd place for population growth, while India takes 86th place. The United States is 114th Indonesia is 111th Brazil is 104th Pakistan is 75th Bangladesh is 76th Nigeria is 59th Russia is 223rd and Japan is 215th (Central watchword Agency, 2002). The top ten countries for population growth are (in descending order) Zimbabwe, Niger, Uganda, Turks and Caicos Islands, Burundi, United Arab Emirates, Gaza flake off, Ethiopia, Western Sahara, Burkina Faso (Central Intelligence Agency, 2002). Zimbabwe is 72nd in population Niger is 62nd Uganda is 36th Turks and Caicos Islands is 209th Burundi is 81st United Arab Emirates is 114th Gaza Strip is 149th Ethiopia is 13th Western Sahara is 170th and Burkina Faso is 61st (Central Intelligence Agency, 2011).

Murals and Popular Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Murals and Popular Culture - Essay ExampleHis references, nonetheless, to mass-generated products and to magazines, movies and different parts of the broad communications, together with his impartial and apparently nameless system, made him be viewed as one of the key figures in the improvement of Pop craft in the US (Hamilton 251). Very nearly by definition, prominent party has carry out a massive worldwide taking after definitely in light of the fact that it is central For some subjects of different nations, however, the close assume mark of their own social commercial ventures, particularly for more youthful gatherings of people, is of incredible concern. As humanists Murals paid attention to popular society in that they tried to pack popular culture values and qualities s to people in society in their paintings (Hamilton 254). Take an example of rock music and art. Its fascination is not scarcely because of a specific inclination for uproarious, cadenced sound and hazardousl y physical moving. Rock music likewise symbolizes an entire bunch of social qualities concerning verbalization toward oneself, spontaneity, fulfil sexuality, and maybe above all, disobedience of the asserted stodginess of convention. Murals defined their amazing style of painting in the mid-twentieth century when publicizing was discovering new parkways in mediums, for example, the announcement. Murals and former(a) pop culture activists in the U.S kept on developing plans regarding workplacemanship, industry, and mainstream society all around the century. Are Rosenbergs momentous works about prominent society as applicable today as they were throughout their lifetime? To answer this inquiry, contrast Rosenquists wall paintings with a contemporary extensive scale two-dimensional work which shows how murals valued popular culture in their art paintings (Hamilton 251).

Angola - High mortality rate Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Angola - High mortality rate - Term Paper Exampleain consists of agricultural highlands, with a large savanna in the einsteinium and south and rain forest strips in the north and the enclave of Cabinda (U.S. Department of State, 2011). Angola has a tropical climate.According to the WHO (2011), the total population of Angola is 18,498,000. Its main ethnic groups are Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mixed racial 2%, European 1% (U.S. Department of State, 2011). Around 17% of its population are children 5 years gray and below. Approximately 42% live in the rural areas. The official language in Angola is Portuguese and the Portuguese compose the largest non-Angolan population.Angola has a republic government system. A new constitution was enacted on February 5, 2010 and three days after, President dos Santos established a new government. The new constitution made a party list system where citizens can vote for a party, instead of a single candidate, and the president will be the head of the winning partys list (U.S. Department of State, 2011). It created a new office of the vice president, and removed the position of the prime minister. The next presidential and parliamentary elections are projected to overtake in 2012.Angola is rich in oil, gas, and diamonds, but remains in the lower rings of 10% of numerous socioeconomic indicators (U.S. Department of State, 2011). GDP growth in 2009 did not improve, though higher GDP projections are expected for the coming years (U.S. Department of State, 2011). An estimation of Angolas oil reserves showed it to range from 9.5 million to 13.5 billion barrels (U.S. Department of State, 2011). Crude oil composed around 50% of Angolas GDP, as well as 95% of its exports, and 72% of government revenues in 2010 (U.S. Department of State, 2011). Angola also generates 40,000 bpd of locally refined oil.Angola ranks 160th in the UNDP Human Development Index (WHO, 2005, p.1). The main determinants of health are the financial resources of the country, the availability of

Historical Development of Modern Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Historical Development of Modern Nursing - Essay ExampleThis means that they have the right to actively record and collaborate with the healthcare provider. In order to achieve a maximum level of wellness, a nurse should be mindful of the consumers rights for the need for care. The environment, be a major determinant, ranges from the individuals home to hospital agencies and the society. An individuals environment is very important in determining ones health. Environmental factors layabout be psychological, spiritual, legal, political, and economical, among others. Other temporal aspects that may determine individuals health are the family, community, the general health care system and the individuals themselves. An individuals genetic characteristics and life experiences determine the health factors. A philosophy has to understand that an individuals life is a continuum which extends from a high level of wellness to cessation. Individuals have adaptive and recuperative abilities which determine the extent of altering ones health status depending on the movement of the individual on the continuum, either towards the positive or the negative as a response to the health care system intervention. Wellness is a dynamic state of physical, psychological, spiritual and social well being. ... This is because plenty performed it as a compassionate wish of helping others without the recognition of it as nursing. Mainly, it naturally belonged to women as a nurturing job, with an expectation of looking after the sick, the young and the elderly. At this age, there was no training in regards to care giving. In the majority of cases, it was based on experience and observation. They believed that illness came as a result of usurpation by evil spirits to individuals body. Using magic, charms, hypnosis among others, people believed that medicine men and witchdoctors had power over the evil. The final option to send onward evil spirits from a person involved trephining wher e a hole was drilled into the individuals skull without anesthesia. Middle Aged Nursing During this period, crusaders, prisoners and religious orders provided care. on that point was no formal education or people under the direction of experienced nursing or any job training. Religious orders from Christian churches had raw material nursing experience and provided guidance and direction. At this period, there was Protestantism with followers confiscating hospital and school properties connected to Roman Catholicism. This made nursing go to the lowest level, with nurses fleeing for their lives. This created a shortage of nurses and many hospitals closed, leading to no provision for the sick and no care at all. This rendered nursing the work of less enviable women, drunks, prostitutes and prisoners. Because of the situation, cleric Theodore Fliedner and Frederika, his wife, coif up the Kaiserswerth institution to train Deaconesses, which was the first formal training school for nur ses in Germany. At this school, Florence Nightingale

Strategic Managment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategic Managment - Assignment ExampleIt involves the mission, vision and objectives of the compevery and also the policies and plans that are made to achieve these objectives. Strategic attention helps the company to decide active allocating resources and plans in different programs and projects (Sadler, 2003). Our question asks us to discuss and analyse the strategic capabilities of HSBC and Oman International Bank during their merger in Oman. While applying a suitable guess from the strategic management context, we have selected the SWOT analysis framework for the given case study and in the following sections we willing be discussing about the respective(a) strength, weakness, opportunity and threats aspect of these organizations. HSBC has operated in Oman since 1948 and has decided to merge its Oman branch with Oman international bank. Strategic capability and strength of HSBC in the merger can be tell as the opportunity the bank will get to invest $97.4 million additio nal capital in a key economy like Oman in gulf. As HSBC is present over there for 60 years in Oman thus they have recognized that this merger as a opportunity which will permit them with lots of opportunities in Oman. On the other side, OIB is the fifth largest bank is Oman who had gross assets of $3.2 billion at the end of December. The strength of the merger with HSBC Oman will provide the company with huge additional capital and the 60 years of operating experience of HSBC and the merger will not effect on the listing of OIB on Muscat Securities Market. The weakness of HSBC Oman before the merger is that HSBC has lack of opportunity and the weakness of OIB is that it is in the fifth position in the country and has lack of potential staffs. This merger will create the largest bank in Oman. Question 2 Identification and Critical evaluation of the change management style that I think is eliminate for the new organization Change management can be defined as an approach which is use d in transitioning any team, company or any individual to change it in a desired state. It is a systematic approach which deals with the change from both side of a company and individual. Change management has different aspects which includes adapting the change, controlling change and effecting change (Anderson, 2010). From the aspect of this case, I will like to relate it with the view point of Kurt Lewins change management style. The conjecture is also known as the Unfreeze, Change, Freeze or refreezes (Liu, 2011). Unfreezing stage is the most important stage in change management. It indicates that the company should be ready to change. It involves the discernment regarding changes. The first step involves moving a department or individual or entire business organization towards the motivation that change is necessary to subsist in this ever changing competitive environment. The second stage refers to the step towards transition. Because change is not event, it is a everyday pr ocess. Transition is the internal movement towards the change. It heart and soul the company is unfrozen and moving towards a new form. Strong skills and support is necessary in this stage in the form of training and guiding. Same in case of HSBC bank Oman SOAG, new company needs this change strategy to unfreeze itself to proceed

MUSCULOSKELETAL CASE STUDY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

MUSCULOSKELETAL CASE STUDY - Essay ExampleThe patient states that he has had this pain in the past, exactly it usually went away, and it was never this severe and he has never had the tingling sensation that he is having now. He describes the pain to be located at the middle of his back, coterminous the waist (mainly lumbar), and is exacerbated when he bends forward. There is numbness and tingling that radiates down the back of the right thigh to the toes. The pain and numbness has been increasing for the past cardinal days with prohibited relief, and he has tried stretching, as well as over the counter Ibuprofen. He reports that the pain is so bad that he is currently out of work, has been having problems sleeping and the only thing that helps is the use of his friends medication (does not state which medication it is). His main concerns today are that he leave alone not be able to return to work to make money he has no health insurance and is concerned that he may make believe a herniated disk.Includes similar back pain that was never this severe, and he sought the help of a chiropractor three years ago, and with manipulation, the pain was relieved. He denies whatsoever inveterate medical problems, surgeries or hospitalizations. Reports increased weight gain. He does not seek medical attention on a routine basis, nor does he have any recent blood work or imaging studies. He reports having a penicillin allergy that causes rash, and does not take any prescription medication, however, has been taking ibuprofen 800mg either 4 hours for his pain and is compliant with the regimen. He is the sole offspring, and both parents are positive for hypercholesteremia, his father has prostate cancer and has a positive family history of ticker disease.A review reveals lumbar pain with radiation to the right buttock and positive for tingling and numbness to the toe. He denies urinary or bowel incontinence, nausea, vomiting, fever, type AB pain or pain with urination, a nd no gross hematuria. He has decreased strength of the

Procurement Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Procurement - Coursework ExampleAlthough enacted more than a decade later the Procurement Law was designed to arrest if not foresee a repeat of the era which was considered the lowest ebb the social organization industry have experience in the United Kingdom. Although generally applicable in construction project where the government is the primary client, both reports take into consideration one important sight in construction projects that is the satisfaction of the client.This report shall tackle the procural process in construction that is designed to deliver projects that will not only address the needs of the clients but also satisfy the requirements of the other in the lead proponents of the project. This report shall describe the differences and nuances of the different procurement r come turn upe that is available in the construction industry to achieve the common goals of the clients, the project proponents and the organization tasked to carry out the project to its co mpletion. This report shall likewise attempt to design or come up with a strategic procurement route that could be a crossbreedizing or a combination of the different procurement route that is available to better achieve the requirement of the Principal of Heriot Watt University (HWU).... This report shall tackle the procurement process in construction that is designed to deliver projects that will not only address the needs of the clients but also satisfy the requirements of the other trail proponents of the project. This report shall describe the differences and nuances of the different procurement route that is available in the construction industry to achieve the common goals of the clients, the project proponents and the organization tasked to carry out the project to its completion. This report shall likewise attempt to design or come up with a strategic procurement route that could be a hybrid or a combination of the different procurement route that is available to better achieve the requirement of the Principal of Heriot Watt University (HWU). The client in this oddball the Principal of Heriot Watt University (HWU) is contemplating to build a new auditorium, with 200 seats, high specification multimedia theatre with air conditioning and comfortable tiered pose that can provide excellent visibility. The auditorium will feature a full size interactive screen and computer driven presentation facilities perfect for conference, lectures and presentations. In developing the best procurement strategy for this requirement a prime consideration would be the complimenting or convergence of technology and the civil construction aspect that would provide the best comfort for the auditoriums users. A Strategic Approach to Procurement In previous years, the construction industry has taken a peaceful stance in the delivery of its service to its client that could be from the public or private sector. This resulted not only to failed projects but extremely dissat isfied clients however if the organizations tasked to construct these projects only

To what extent was Malcolm X a typical American Or To what extent was Essay

To what extent was Malcolm X a typical American Or To what extent was Malcolm X a typical Afro-American A moldiness At lease A- paper - Essay Examplentified himself as a Muslim and black American living in the white American society, in that location are characteristics that recognise him both typical American and African-American. Drawing primarily from his autobiography, specifically on the speeches he delivered during the height civil rights activism in the 1960s, this paper discusses the characteristics that make Malcolm X a typical American and African-American.This paper posits that trust is the common denominator found in Malcolm Xs being American and African-American. Malcolm X is a typical American because he subsists to the fundamentalist view of religion and politics for him, African-American society should seek its own society independent from white American society and guided under the values and teachings of Islam. Malcolm X is also a typical African-American becaus e he confronted his unique experience of oppression by subsisting to religion and faithfully following the teachings and religious principles of Islam.The first position this paper discusses is how Malcolm X became the typical American. As a Muslim fundamentalist, Malcolm X strictly adhered to the teachings of Islam, which includes the belief in establishing an independent society wherein the rules of Islam religion dominate and becomes the socio-political structure of this new, independent society. This is the proposition that has always been advocated by Malcolm X, citing how the religious teachings of Christianity have been used to oppress and take favor of the African-American society.To demonstrate that the African-Americans always had the right to become independent from the white Americans, Malcolm X argued that the white man had no sense of history. In his speech, After the Bombing, Malcolm X asserted that the Negro has a sense of history because all races take root from th e Negro heritageeven the white man. From Latin America to Europe, the African-American race dominated the world, until the white

International marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

International merchandise - Essay ExampleIn case of IM the firms looks to make their produces available to the international customers. wherefore they have to deal with PESTLE factors of not only one but several other countries. Due to this factors such as tariff barriers, govt. regulations, etc. They besides have to face competition from the international competitors also. But with high risk there are opportunities to earn high returns also in the form of growth, profitability, hazard to earn economies of scale. The study looks to focus upon some of the key issue to be considered by a firm when the firm decides to enter the international market. The company to be discussed is Tesco PLC, the biggest retailer in the UK. During the course of study the probable strategies that could be adopted by the company to expand the business has been discussed using international strategic and market ripple of Tesco (from an international, perspective), Porters diamond model, Uppsala model, country of origin effect and born global model. Marketing Mix 4Ps Framework The concept of marketing mix can be described as the set of manipulable marketing elements that can be used by the company to achieve organisational objectives. The marketing mix consists of four key elements. Neil Borden termed these manipulable elements as the Marketing Mix. In the early 1960s he suggested 12 elements which the company should preserve in mind while formulating marketing program. Then E. Jerome McCarthy delineated the marketing mix as the 4Ps of the marketing mix. In simple terms the elements of the marketing mix can be used to lay the much required foundation for the overall marketing strategy. Product Tesco is one of the major retailers in the world. It provides shelf plaza to the products of some of the major global brands. Along with this the company also provides private label branded products. The product ranges from fresh food, groceries, clothing and apparels, health and beauty p roducts, electronic garments. The vast ranges of products allow the company to target a wide range of customer segments starting from kids to adults. As the company product a vast product mix with lots of variation the company opts for brand positioning as compared to individual brand positioning. Price Tesco mainly uses market dictated pricing. Here it is to be mentioned that with the rise in competition in the global retail market and the recent economic downturn has forced the retail companies to decrease the prices. A break up form this the company also uses promotional pricing techniques, especially in case of clothing products. In the initial days the company adopted a market skimming strategy. Thus the company set high prices for the offerings. But once the competition increased the company had to adapt and shift to market driven pricing. Also the pricing strategy has been influenced by the economic conditions. The market driven pricing has been well punctuated by other pri cing techniques such as promotional pricing. Place It is believed that the Tesco has one of the best distribution strategies. The key factor that influences the

Identify the various forms of plagiarism Research Paper

Identify the various forms of plagiarism - Research Paper Examplen a savant takes another students naturalize and presents them as his/her own, and when a student downloads from the internet work that had been d matchless and presenting it as his/her own. It also involves having someone do an assignment for you and presenting their findings or work as if you are the one who did the assignment (Gaines, 2007). Other students and authors will however not present works taken from the other sources in its original compose form they will rephrase other peoples ideas, research, opinion and information to come up with new works. Though the work seems on the position value to be original, only the wordings have changed from the original authors work but the ideas are borrowed. This is commonly referred to as manipulated plagiarism (Neville, 2007).Students and authors wanting to falsify their work juicy or more presentable may take parts of other peoples work and incorporate them with th eirs to enrich their ideas. The spare pieces of work may be quotes, phrases from a paragraph or entire paragraphs. The use of these parts without acknowledging the source constitutes to partial or juice plagiarism (Gaines, 2007). mickle also have a tendency of presenting their works either as a whole or in parts in more than one occasion or for different assignments. When this is done without letting the people using the work for the subsequent times know when the original work was done, one is considered to be involved in self plagiarism. This is most common when one is required to handle an assignment with similar requirements as the one he/she had previously handled (Neville, 2007).It is significant for people to avoid plagiarism as much as possible. The most important thing is for writers to know what constitutes plagiarism and the implications that one is likely to face if imbed guilty of plagiarism. Writers ought to know how to acknowledge sources of their work. They shoul d know how to do referencing and citations properly using the different

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technique - Essay standardThe essay Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technique talks about an advanced imaging technique used in the dramaturgy of medicine chthonian radiology particularly how it works.All bodies expose themselves to water molecules. The water molecule has two protons and hydrogen nuclei. When one is using a powerful magnetic knit of a scanner, the overall magnetic moment of different protons aligns themselves in the direction of the field. Turning on of the radio oftenness transmitter follows, thus, producing different electromagnetic fields. The electromagnetic field has the appropriate frequency termed as resonance frequency the protons in the magnetic field absorb and flip the spin. After a while, when the electromagnetic field is in off status, the protons spins get to thermal dynamic equilibrium. The bulk magnetizations get aligned by the static field. As a result, this relaxation, radio frequency signals bring up these can be measure d using receiver coils.Additional magnetic fields can facilitate learning about the information regarding the origin of the 3D space during the scan. Fields generated by passing electrical current via gradient coils results to varying magnetic fields in reference to the position of the magnet. This also alters the frequency of the signal, as it depends on the origin of the signal. Mathematically, the distribution of the signal can also be recovered from the body however, this uses the inverse frontier transformation. After the relaxation rates, protons in various tissues return to the equilibrium.

Morning after pills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Morning after pills - Essay Examplee Morning - after pills besides like a regular birth control pill although it is much stronger and it functions by preventing ovulation thus avoiding contraception or implantation if ovulation occurs (Ferri, 2012, pp. 285-287). Morning-after pills are common and they evasive action a significant role in preventing an unplanned pregnancy in various situations but the drug is highly abused apart from having some indecorous side-effects on its users.Morning-after pills contain hormones similar to the content of regular birth control pills and they prevent pregnancy primarily by preventing ovaries from releasing eggs. Moreover, the pills usually make cervical mucus thick hence prohibiting sperms from mixing with egg and causing fertilization. The functionally of the pills largely depend on the stage of the menstrual cycle in women. Watkins (2012) believes that depending on the stage of the menstrual cycle, the contraception may delay or stop the rel ease of the egg, change the lining of the uterus, and finally alter the movement of the egg and sperm by limiting their speed (1463-1470). However, the morning-after pills are never effective for pregnancies implanted in the uterus. It should be noted that morning-after pills are not worth relied on and should yet be considered as last chance contraception (Ferri, 2012, pp. 285-287). Effectiveness of the morning-after pills is within a certain period including immediately after unprotected intercourse up to 5 days or 120 hours. However, they always work best when taken immediately after unprotected sex instead of waiting for the ordinal day because the longer an individual waits for the pills, the lesser their chance of working.Ferri (2012) illustrates that there are two hormonal typesetters cases of morning-after pills whose effectiveness, prices and side effects differ slightly (2855-287). The first type of morning-after pills is known as plan B that contains progestin hormone and is taken as 2 pills. Plan B pills can either be taken immediately

Revised paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Revised paper - Essay ExampleThe challenge is that the pay for some may not be as evaluate especially in areas where there are many people practicing invoice. It is notable that many people who major in accounting possess love for the product line due to the prospective nature of work and the lucrative payout.I have selected the option of accounting because I bear the love of calculations especially with relation to business since my tender age. My family has business and I found interest in how their finances were, and how I could use the financial data to forecast the future of the business in terms of financial returns. Additionally, I find interest in the dynamics in the economy and businesses with a larger perspective. Thirdly, the remuneration offered on securing a upright job with an accounting firm can allow me to live, as I prefer while also enhancing my expertise and doing what I find interesting. I am hopeful that I can develop the necessary expertise in several areas of accounting such as financial accounting, management accounting, tax accounting or auditing.I acknowledge that I require the input of a professional in the accounting field to offer me some orientation. I obstinate to set up an interview with a recognized accountant whose name is John Thorn. The interviews aims at providing me with the relevant information about the qualifications, the job requirements and the expectations placed on an individual in the accounting field.Mr. Thorn comes from a long line of accountants in his family. It was not because there were other accountants that he decided to be an accountant. He loved the idea of doing accounting regardless if it was related to taxes, auditing, and finances or for management decision-making. He first did his bachelor of science in accounting at the University of Boston where he qualifies well. He was able to get a job at the L.I in his native Boston where he did minor accounting jobs such as preparing weekly reports on sa les. He did not stay long

Gathering Research Data Paper Essay Example for Free

Gathering Research Data Paper EssayWithin the sorry justice system there ar various types of entropy gathering research modes that can be utilized. The method chosen for this research paper is the email surveil method. The proposed research for this paper is employment satisfaction within the police force field with emphasis on the guard police officers. With patrol officers being the backbone of the police departments the research should be pretty insightful. The main goal of this research is to pinpoint the patrol officers main dissatisfactions during their workdays. The specific interview structure that depart be used is an email questionnaire survey. This type of survey volitioning allow and hopefully enable every patrol officer to participate and it leave behind also allow graphical results. Just about every criminal justice case begins and ends with a patrol officer. Beginning with the criminal offense report, to the arrest, and ending at the testifying in c ourt. Although there are many various blusher players in most cases besides the patrol officer, it is highly unlikely that crime reduction would exist without the patrol officer.Understanding the needs of a patrol officer and what is pleasing and displeasing on the job is key to crime reduction. A happy employee does their job successfully and to the best of their ability. An unhappy patrol officer will definitely not complete tasks let alone risk their lives for another individual. The department has the responsibility to ensure that the majority of its patrol officers are satisfied with their works conditions to prevent silent strikes and to also prevent behavior manifestation. Using an email questionnaire survey would be the interview structure used to conduct the research regarding the employee satisfaction. This survey will involve the simple format of a YES or NO option only.Constructing a different variables list will enable determination of what issues the questions will be based on. This list will also ensure that main concerns and topics are covered along with not duplicating any issues. Configuring what type ofdata and data analysis is needed will be the next venture followed by figuring out how to word the questionnaire. Taking into consideration patrol officer vernacular and technical wording to avoid any biased or compounding variables to each question. Some examples of questions that would be asked are1. Do you intentionally avoid police functions when off duty?2. Do you take a level of pride when wearing your uniform?3. Do you take sick days when you are not ill?4. Do you hide your profession when off duty?5. Do you take extended training courses or classes to avoid fieldwork?6. Do you use cellphones, tablets, or any other devices to entertain yourself while on duty?7. Do you avoid public interaction while on duty?Using these initial questions will not only help me gather data on satisfaction but will also help me gather data on other issues as well. An example of other issues would be the topic of whether or not response time intertwines with officer satisfaction and how this affects crime statistics. This type of qualitative data gathering is a great advantage be mother it records attitudes, feelings, and behaviors. (Analyse This Learning To Analyse Qualitative Data, (2008)). As mentioned also opens up new topic areas that were not initially considered. These initial questions are also structured or closed ended questions in which will involve the needed information. Which means the data collected from the answers wint involve thorough answers that need to be explained. In completion of the questionnaire questions, a small group of similar respondents will take a pretest that will point out any confusion or misunderstanding of question formatting and wording.To harbor the best outcome of participants and to ensure the best results, compensation would be offered in the form of extra paid time. This will also ensure a more quantitative data analysis due to a large number of people responding to the survey. Some researchers believe that rewards and/or incentives given to people who participate in surveys summations response and reliability A tailored design method or TDM will be used with this email survey question. check to Hagan ((2010)), The tailored design method or TDM, uses multiple contacts seeking response and endorsements to increase response rates by tailoring the survey to thegroup being studied in order to foster trust, increase rewards, and decrease the cost of participation.This frame would be to get endorsed by the patrol unions to ensure and response, respect, and acceptability of the survey in the patrol officers eyes. These unions were founded and organized to assist and defend patrol officers, with the backing of these unions the participation and legitimacy would be highly prosperous. In turn, the unions will be knowledgeable with the results of the survey. One of the main focuses of this survey will be that it is sincerely an anonymous survey, and that each individual who fills out a survey remains anonymous and has no ties or repercussions from their answers. A few approaches to this could be survey kiosks or ballet boxes.These would allow no log on requirements or have any tracks on keystrokes. It is detrimental that informed consent and confidentiality be withheld and not compromised. According to The Role Of Numeracy In Informed Consent For Surveys ((2009)), Two key ethical issues for survey researchers are obtaining informed consent and maintaining the confidentiality of responses. Informed consent implies that two requirements have been met (1) that research participants have been informed about the essential elements of the research, including the risks and benefits of participation, and have understood the information and (2) that they have given their consent to participate. If compromised the survey answers could potentially cause issues with employment or job environments. This type of outcome could cause the survey to become unreliable and null and void.ReferencesAnalyse This Learning to analyse qualitative data. ((2008)). Retrieved from http//archive.learnhigher.ac.uk/analysethis/main/qualitative1.html Hagan, F. E. ((2010)). Research Methods in Criminal Justice and Criminology (8th ed.).Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. The Role of Numeracy in Informed Consent for Surveys. ((2009)). Retrieved from http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2857726/

Research paper about Marijuana Essay Example for Free

Research paper about Marijuana EssayMarijuana hemp or marihuana, medicate obtained from the flowering tops, stems, and leaves of the hemp plant, Cannabis sativa (see hemp) or C. indica the latter species can withstand colder climates. It is one of the most commonly mathematical functiond medicines in the world, following only caffeine, nicotine, and hard beverages in popularity. In the joined States, where it is usually smoked, it also has been called weed, grass, pot, or reefer.The PlantC. sativa grows as a common weed in galore(postnominal) parts of the world, and drug preparations vary widely in potency according to climate, cultivation, and method of preparation. Mexico, Paraguay, and the united States are the top hemp-producing nations worldwide. C. indica is a shorter, hardier variety with rounded blue-green leaves, grown in Afghanistan for hashish. Most ganjas grown in the United States since the late 1980s are hybrids of the two and yield a practically more pote nt product than the marijuana of the past. The resin found on flower clusters and top leaves of the female plant is the most potent drug source and is dod to prepare hashish, the highest grade of cannabis. The bud of the female plant, called sinsemilla, is the part most often smoked as marijuana.The drugThe effects of marijuana vary with its strength and dosage and with the raise of mind of the user. Typically, lower-ranking doses result in a feeling of well-being. The intoxication lasts two to three hours, but accompanying effects on motor control last much longer. High doses can cause tachycardia, paranoia, and delusions. Although it produces some of the uniform effects as hallucinogens like LSD and mescaline (heightened sensitivity to colors, shapes, music, and other stimuli and distortion of the sense of time), marijuana differs chemically and pharmacologically.The primary active component of marijuana is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), although other cannabinol derivat ives are also thought to beintoxicating. In 1988 scientists discovered receptors that bind THC on the membranes of nerve cells. They reasoned that the body must make its own THC-like substance. The substance, named anandamide, was isolated from pig brains in 1992 by an American pharmacologist, William A. Devane.Marijuana lowers testosterone levels and sperm counts in hands and raises testosterone levels in women. In pregnant women it affects the fetus and results in developmental difficulties in the child. There is evidence that marijuana affects normal maturation of preadolescent and adolescent users and that it affects short-run memory and comprehension. Heavy smokers often sustain lung damage from the smoke and contaminants. Regular use can result in dependence.The Legalization QuestionWith the increase in the number of middle-class users in the 1960s and 1970s, there came a somewhat greater acceptance of the view that marijuana should not be considered in the same class as nar cotics and that U.S. marijuana rights should be relaxed. The Drug Abuse Prevention make out of 1970 eased federal penalties somewhat, and 11 states decriminalized possession. However, in the late 1980s many states rewrote their drug laws and imposed stricter penalties. Beginning in 1996, however, a series of states began enacting checkup marijuana laws (two fifths of the states now have one), and in 2012 voters in the states of Colorado and Washington clear the legalization of marijuana. Opponents of easing marijuana laws have asserted that it is an intoxicant less controllable than alcohol, that our drug-using society does not need another widely used intoxicant, and that the United States should not act to weaken UN policies, which are opposed to the use of marijuana for other than possible aesculapian purposes. In 2013, Uruguay became the first nation to legalize the growing, selling, and use of marijuana, a move it undertook in part in an attempt to undermine drug cartels. Uruguays legalization, which was a source of controversy in the country, also was critized by planetary authorities for contravening treaties to which Uruguay was a party.Medical UsesControversy surrounds the medical use of marijuana, with proponents saying it is useful for treating pain and the nausea and vomiting that are side effects of malignant neoplastic disease chemotherapy and for restoring the appetite in people with AIDS. Its active ingredient, THC, was synthesized in 1966 and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1985 synthetic THC is available by prescription in pill form as dronabinol (Marinol) and nabilone (Cesamet). Proponents of medical marijuana say it is not as effective as the herb and is more expensive. In addition to THC, another cannibis derivative (or cannabinoid), cannabidiol (CDB), is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant and also moderates THCs psychoactive effects.A 1999 U.S.-government-sponsored study by the Institute of Medicine found that marijuana appeared beneficial for authoritative medical conditions, such as nausea caused by chemotherapy and wasting caused by AIDS. Because of the toxicity of marijuana smoke, however, it was hoped that further research might lead to development of invigorated delivery systems, such as bronchial inhalers. A number of studies since 1999 have shown that smoked marijuana has pain-reducing effects when compared with marijuana stripped of its cannabinoids.The Office of National Drug Control Policy has opposed legalization of the medical use of marijuana, citing law enforcement issues and the possibility that some would use it as a pretext to sell marijuana for nonmedical use, and the FDA said in 2006 that, despite the 1999 report, that marijuana has no accepted or proven use in the United States. Proponents, disregarding the law, have set up networks for the distribution of the drug to people who they judge will be helped by it and continue to lobby for its legalization for medical use. In 1996 California enacted the first state law permitting the use of marijuana for medical reasons, and about one third of the states now have some sort of medical marijuana legislation. As a result of a Supreme Court ruling in 2005, however, these laws do not protect medical users with a prescription from federal prosecution. In 2009 lawyer General Eric Holder ordered that federal prosecutors not focus on persons whoclearly comply with state medical marijuana laws, but federal law enforcement officials have moved to close many so-called marijuana dispensaries despite compliance, arguing in part that many prescriptions for marijuana are not justify medically. Another, lower court ruling permits doctors to discuss medical use of marijuana with their patients but forbids them to help patients obtain the drug. A number of countries, including Canada, permit the medicinal use of the drug.History of Marijuana UseMarijuana has been used as an agent for achieving euphoria since ancien t times it was described in a Chinese medical compendium traditionally considered to date from 2737 BC It also has a long history of use as a medicinal herb. Its use spread from mainland China to India and then to N Africa and reached Europe at least as early as AD 500. A major crop in colonial marriage America, marijuana (hemp) was grown as a source of fiber. It was extensively cultivated during World War II, when Asian sources of hemp were cut off.Marijuana was listed in the United States Pharmacopeia from 1850 until 1942 and was prescribed for various conditions including labor pains, nausea, and rheumatism. Its use as an intoxicant was also commonplace from the 1850s to the 1930s. A campaign conducted in the 1930s by the U.S. federal Bureau of Narcotics (now the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs) sought to portray marijuana as a powerful, addicting substance that would lead users into narcotics addiction. It is still considered a gateway drug by some authorities. In the 1950s it was an accessory of the beat generation in the 1960s it was used by college students and hippies and became a symbol of rebellion against authority.The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 classified marijuana along with heroin and LSD as a Schedule I drug, i.e., having the relatively highest abuse potential and no accepted medical use. Most marijuana at that time came from Mexico, but in 1975 the Mexican government agreed to eradicate the crop by spraying it with the herbicide paraquat, upbringing fears of toxic side effects. Colombia then became the main supplier. The zero toleranceclimate of the Reagan and Bush administrations (198193) resulted in passage of strict laws and mandatory sentences for possession of marijuana and in heightened vigilance against smuggling at the southern borders. The war on drugs thus brought with it a shift from reliance on imported supplies to domestic cultivation (particularly in Hawaii and California). Beginning in 1982 the Drug Enforcement A dministration turned increased attention to marijuana farms in the United States, and there was a shift to the indoor(a) growing of plants specially developed for small size and high yield. After over a decade of decreasing use, marijuana smoking began an upward drive once more in the early 1990s, especially among teenagers, but by the end of the decade this upswing had leveled off well below former peaks of use.